Hart2Heart with Dr. Mike Hart

Dr. Mike Hart

Država Združene države Amerike

Zvrsti Zdravje in Fitnes, Medicina

Jezik EN-US

Epizode 228

Zadnja 13.08.2026

Hart2Heart is a health and wellness podcast hosted by Dr. Mike Hart, focusing on evidence-based strategies for longevity, performance, and modern medicine. Episodes cover topics like hormone health, peptides, sleep, nutrition, supplements, exercise, sunlight, psychedelics, and smarter medication use. The show also examines how public health policy and politics affect personal well-being and aims to help listeners take control of their health. It offers clear, actionable, no-nonsense conversations about living healthier and thinking independently.

Epizode

#233 Understanding NAD+: Insights with Dr. Charles Brenner 13.08.2026 1h 1min

Charles Brenner breaks down what the science actually says about NAD+, separating established findings from the claims commonly made in the longevity space. He explains why NAD levels in tissues may matter more than blood measurements, how metabolic stress, alcohol, inflammation, and other conditions can disrupt the NAD system, and how nicotinamide riboside (NR) compares with niacin, nicotinamide, and NMN. The conversation also covers research on exercise recovery, peripheral artery disease, skin health, infection, and wound healing, along with the limitations of current human evidence. Brenner explains why he advises against IV and subcutaneous NAD+, discusses concerns around NMN quality, and challenges popular sirtuin-centered theories of anti-aging while emphasizing the importance of reproducible human research. Charles Brenner is an NAD metabolism researcher whose work focuses on cellular bioenergetics, vitamin B3 biology, metabolic stress, and the pathways that regulate NAD production and utilization throughout the body. Now based at the University of Helsinki, his research has examined how the NAD system responds to conditions ranging from metabolic and liver disease to mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and neurological stress. His work has also helped advance research into nicotinamide riboside as an NAD precursor and its potential applications in human health. Brenner takes an evidence-first approach to longevity science, distinguishing findings supported by controlled human studies from promising but still unproven mechanisms, animal research, and anecdotal claims. Brenner Lab — Charles Brenner, PhD https://www.brennerlab.net/ Niagen NR Clinical Studies — Niagen Bioscience https://www.niagenbioscience.com/pages/clinical-studies Nicotinamide Riboside for Peripheral Artery Disease — Mary M. McDermott et al. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38871717/ This is the PAD study discussed in the episode where NR improved six-minute walking performance. NOPARK: Nicotinamide Riboside in Early Parkinson's Disease — Haukeland University Hospital / Norwegian Research Team https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03568968 This is the 400-participant, 52-week Parkinson's trial discussed in the transcript. Effects of Nicotinamide Riboside in Long COVID — Chao-Yi Wu, Edmarie Guzmán-Vélez, Charles Brenner et al. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/eclinm/article/PIIS2589-5370%2825%2900567-X/fulltext This is the Long COVID study Brenner references when discussing cognition, fatigue, sleep, and symptom recovery. NAD+ Metabolome in Alcohol-Related Liver Disease — Richard Parker, Charles Brenner et al. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32766477/ This is the human alcohol-related liver disease research Brenner discusses when explaining disturbed liver NAD metabolism. Nicotinamide for Skin-Cancer Chemoprevention — Andrew C. Chen et al. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26488693/ This is the major Australian study relevant to Brenner's discussion of oral nicotinamide and skin cancer protection. Charles Brenner on NAD+, NR vs. NMN & NAD IVs — Dr. Rhonda Patrick / FoundMyFitness https://www.foundmyfitness.com/episodes/charles-brenner Dr. Mike specifically references Brenner's appearance with Rhonda Patrick during the episode. Show Notes 00:00 Welcome to the Hart2Heart Podcast 00:58 NAD Basics Explained 02:22 Cellular Role of NAD 03:21 Proven Benefits and Trials 05:24 Inflammation Markers Deep Dive 09:19 Athletes Recovery and VO2 Max 13:52 Does NAD Decline With Age 20:10 Skin NAD and UV Damage 23:40 Who Should Take NR 27:56 Niacin vs NR vs NMN 32:28 NMN Conversion and Quality 35:37 IV and Injection Warnings 42:18 Dosing Timing and Alcohol 46:50 Addiction Claims and Dream Trials 51:39 Parkinsons and Long COVID Data 55:03 Sinclair Critique Revisited 57:05 Stacking Supplements and Metformin 59:58 Wrap Up and Where to Follow The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart
#233 Understanding NAD+: Insights with Dr. Charles Brenner 13.08.2026 1h 1min

Charles Brenner breaks down what the science actually says about NAD+, separating established findings from the claims commonly made in the longevity space. He explains why NAD levels in tissues may matter more than blood measurements, how metabolic stress, alcohol, inflammation, and other conditions can disrupt the NAD system, and how nicotinamide riboside (NR) compares with niacin, nicotinamide, and NMN. The conversation also covers research on exercise recovery, peripheral artery disease, skin health, infection, and wound healing, along with the limitations of current human evidence. Brenner explains why he advises against IV and subcutaneous NAD+, discusses concerns around NMN quality, and challenges popular sirtuin-centered theories of anti-aging while emphasizing the importance of reproducible human research. Charles Brenner is an NAD metabolism researcher whose work focuses on cellular bioenergetics, vitamin B3 biology, metabolic stress, and the pathways that regulate NAD production and utilization throughout the body. Now based at the University of Helsinki, his research has examined how the NAD system responds to conditions ranging from metabolic and liver disease to mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and neurological stress. His work has also helped advance research into nicotinamide riboside as an NAD precursor and its potential applications in human health. Brenner takes an evidence-first approach to longevity science, distinguishing findings supported by controlled human studies from promising but still unproven mechanisms, animal research, and anecdotal claims. Brenner Lab — Charles Brenner, PhD https://www.brennerlab.net/ Niagen NR Clinical Studies — Niagen Bioscience https://www.niagenbioscience.com/pages/clinical-studies Nicotinamide Riboside for Peripheral Artery Disease — Mary M. McDermott et al. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38871717/ This is the PAD study discussed in the episode where NR improved six-minute walking performance. NOPARK: Nicotinamide Riboside in Early Parkinson's Disease — Haukeland University Hospital / Norwegian Research Team https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03568968 This is the 400-participant, 52-week Parkinson's trial discussed in the transcript. Effects of Nicotinamide Riboside in Long COVID — Chao-Yi Wu, Edmarie Guzmán-Vélez, Charles Brenner et al. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/eclinm/article/PIIS2589-5370%2825%2900567-X/fulltext This is the Long COVID study Brenner references when discussing cognition, fatigue, sleep, and symptom recovery. NAD+ Metabolome in Alcohol-Related Liver Disease — Richard Parker, Charles Brenner et al. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32766477/ This is the human alcohol-related liver disease research Brenner discusses when explaining disturbed liver NAD metabolism. Nicotinamide for Skin-Cancer Chemoprevention — Andrew C. Chen et al. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26488693/ This is the major Australian study relevant to Brenner's discussion of oral nicotinamide and skin cancer protection. Charles Brenner on NAD+, NR vs. NMN & NAD IVs — Dr. Rhonda Patrick / FoundMyFitness https://www.foundmyfitness.com/episodes/charles-brenner Dr. Mike specifically references Brenner's appearance with Rhonda Patrick during the episode. Show Notes 00:00 Welcome to the Hart2Heart Podcast 00:58 NAD Basics Explained 02:22 Cellular Role of NAD 03:21 Proven Benefits and Trials 05:24 Inflammation Markers Deep Dive 09:19 Athletes Recovery and VO2 Max 13:52 Does NAD Decline With Age 20:10 Skin NAD and UV Damage 23:40 Who Should Take NR 27:56 Niacin vs NR vs NMN 32:28 NMN Conversion and Quality 35:37 IV and Injection Warnings 42:18 Dosing Timing and Alcohol 46:50 Addiction Claims and Dream Trials 51:39 Parkinsons and Long COVID Data 55:03 Sinclair Critique Revisited 57:05 Stacking Supplements and Metformin 59:58 Wrap Up and Where to Follow The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart
#232 Testosterone Screening, Metabolic Health, and Hormone Optimization: Free T, SHBG, hCG, and Body Composition 06.08.2026 55min

This episode explores the opportunities and risks of testosterone optimization, beginning with the US military's decision to screen men over 30 for low testosterone. Dr. Mike Hart and Dr. Jonathan Schoeff discuss why symptoms such as fatigue, low libido, and difficulty changing body composition cannot be interpreted from a single lab value. They examine the importance of free testosterone, SHBG, insulin resistance, visceral fat, estradiol, DHT, fertility, and individualized dosing. The conversation also challenges common measures such as BMI and body fat percentage, emphasizing skeletal muscle mass, visceral adiposity, sustainable health goals, and the minimum effective intervention. Dr. Jonathan Schoeff is a spinal surgeon and longevity medicine practitioner whose work focuses on hormone health, metabolic optimization, body composition, and individualized health strategy. Through comprehensive laboratory testing, clinical assessment, and personalized treatment planning, he helps clients understand how hormones, insulin sensitivity, muscle mass, visceral fat, lifestyle, and long-term health goals interact. Describing his role as that of a "biological strategist," Dr. Schoeff emphasizes precision over standardized protocols and develops practical plans designed around each person's biology, priorities, and daily life. Health and Human Performance Optimization to Enhance Military Readiness — U.S. Department of War https://media.defense.gov/2026/Jul/15/2003961654/-1/-1/1/HEALTH%20AND%20HUMAN%20PERFORMANCE%20OPTIMIZATION%20TO%20ENHANCE%20MILITARY%20READINESS%20OSD004430-26%20RES%20FINAL.PDF Influence of CAG Repeat Polymorphism on the Targets of Testosterone Action — Giacomo Tirabassi et al. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26421011/ Comparative Effects of Daily and Weekly Boron Supplementation on Plasma Steroid Hormones and Proinflammatory Cytokines — Mohammad Reza Naghii et al. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21129941/ Women's Health Initiative — National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/science/womens-health-initiative-whi Surviving Sepsis Campaign Adult Guidelines — Society of Critical Care Medicine https://www.sccm.org/survivingsepsiscampaign/guidelines-and-resources/surviving-sepsis-campaign-adult-guidelines The Longevity Lab — Dr. Jonathan Schoeff and Candace Schoeff https://longevitylabwellness.com/ Jonathan Schoeff on Instagram — Dr. Jonathan Schoeff https://www.instagram.com/jonschoeff/ Jonathan Schoeff on YouTube — Dr. Jonathan Schoeff https://www.youtube.com/@drjonschoeff Show Notes 00:00 Welcome to the Hart2Heart Podcast 00:42 Military Low T Screening 04:32 Normal Ranges and Treatment 08:19 Free Testosterone and Insulin 12:35 High SHBG and Enclomiphene 15:54 hCG Fertility and Protocols 19:35 Obesity Low T Strategy 23:26 Aromatase Inhibitors and Estrogen 26:51 DHT Mood and Libido Balance 28:57 DHT Balance Risks 30:10 Minimum Effective Dose 31:55 Longevity Strategy Mindset 33:31 Clinic Cuts Alcohol Use 35:40 Goals Drive Strategy 38:06 Body Fat Targets Debate 41:54 Sustainable Leanness 45:33 Personalized Nutrition Plans 48:09 Beyond Body Fat Metrics 52:29 Rules Not Regulations 53:31 Wrap Up And Where To Find The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart
#231 Dr. Kyle Gillett on Nootropics, Peptides, GLP-1 Side Effects, Hair Loss, and Microplastics 30.07.2026 1h 11min

Dr. Kyle Gillett joins Dr. Mike Hart to discuss safer, more practical approaches to biohacking, performance, and longevity. They cover indoor microplastic exposure, bromantane, low-dose nicotine, healing peptides, BPC-157 safety, tesamorelin, growth hormone, GLP-1 digestive side effects, NAD support, carnitine, hair loss, sleep medications, and longevity treatments. Dr. Gillett separates promising interventions from overhyped protocols while emphasizing evidence, appropriate dosing, consistency, and individual risk. Dr. Kyle Gillett is a physician and founder of Gillett Health whose work focuses on personalized hormone care, metabolic health, performance, and longevity. He uses laboratory results, symptoms, medical history, lifestyle, and treatment response to guide decisions about hormones, medications, peptides, and supplements. He also hosts the Gillett Health Podcast and founded Sage Bio. [Gillett Health] — Dr. Kyle Gillett and James O'Hara https://gilletthealth.com/ [The Gillett Health Podcast] — Dr. Kyle Gillett and James O'Hara https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-gillett-health-podcast/id1631735999 [Sage Bio Laboratory Testing] — Sage Bio, Inc. https://www.sagebio.com/ [AirDoctor Air Purifiers] — AirDoctor and Ideal Living https://airdoctorpro.com/ [Consensus Research Search] — Consensus https://consensus.app/ [Google Scholar] — Google https://scholar.google.com/ [Cravv Cytisine Product Information] — Health Canada https://health-products.canada.ca/lnhpd-bdpsnh/info?licence=80072525 [Juven Therapeutic Nutrition] — Abbott Nutrition https://www.abbottnutrition.com/our-products/juven [EGRIFTA WR Tesamorelin Prescribing Information] — U.S. Food and Drug Administration https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2025/022505s020lbl.pdf [QUVIVIQ Daridorexant Information] — Idorsia Pharmaceuticals https://www.quviviq.com/ [DAYVIGO Lemborexant Information] — Eisai https://www.dayvigo.com/ [Micro- and Nanoplastics in Coronary Circulation Study] — Pasquale Paolisso and colleagues, European Heart Journal https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehag447/8725569 [CJC-1295 FDA Review Materials] — U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee https://www.fda.gov/advisory-committees/advisory-committee-calendar/updated-meeting-time-and-public-participation-information-december-4-2024-meeting-pharmacy [Kyle Gillett, MD on Instagram] — Dr. Kyle Gillett https://www.instagram.com/kylegillettmd/ Show Notes 00:00 Welcome to the Hart2Heart Podcast 00:45 Bromantane Overview 02:16 How Bromantane Works 04:45 Trump Debate Stack 06:03 Nicotine Microdosing 08:39 Cartilax vs BPC 12:06 Ultimate Healing Stack 14:09 Healing Supplements 16:26 Tesamorelin Benefits 21:09 Growth Hormone Dosing 22:54 Kids and Height 25:13 Selank and Benzo Taper 28:59 Best Time for BPC 31:03 BPC Safety Risks 33:00 GLP1 Motility Fixes 34:39 Low Dose Naltrexone Uses 36:06 LDN and Alcohol Effects 37:10 GLP-1 Heartburn Fixes 38:42 GLP-1s and Drinking 40:18 Hangover Supplement Stack 42:55 Oral vs Injectable Carnitine 45:27 NAD+ Shots vs Precursors 47:35 Hair Loss Stack for Men 50:44 Topical Dutasteride Strategy 56:06 Hair Loss Stack for Women 56:59 Top Longevity Meds 01:00:28 Aspirin Nuance and Lp 01:02:25 TUDCA for Gallbladder 01:04:36 Leptin Resistance Basics 01:06:33 Microplastics and Indoor Air 01:10:03 Wrap Up and Where to Find The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart
#230 Progesterone for Sleep, GLP-1 Microdosing, and HRT/Peptide Insights with Dr. K 23.07.2026 1h 9min

Dr. Mike Hart welcomes Ksenia Petrushkina back for a wide-ranging conversation about using hormones, GLP-1 medications, and peptides more thoughtfully. They explore why lower, individualized doses of tirzepatide may improve tolerability, which blood markers should be monitored during treatment, and how progesterone may support sleep through its effects on GABA. They also discuss women's hormone replacement therapy, personalized testosterone dosing, TRT and fertility, thyroid treatment, low-dose naltrexone, and the difference between evidence-based peptide use and exaggerated online claims. Ksenia Petrushkina is a clinician whose work focuses on hormone optimization, peptide therapy, metabolic health, and highly individualized treatment. Through comprehensive blood testing, symptom assessment, careful dose adjustments, and ongoing patient monitoring, she helps men and women better understand how hormones, medications, and peptides may affect their energy, sleep, inflammation, fertility, body composition, and long-term health. Her approach challenges standardized protocols and social-media biohacking trends, emphasizing personalized medicine, responsible prescribing, and evaluating one intervention at a time. Quick Coherence Technique — HeartMath https://help.heartmath.com/introduction/quick-coherence-technique/ The Levels of Ghrelin, Glucagon, Visfatin and GLP-1 Are Decreased in the Peritoneal Fluid of Women with Endometriosis — Aleksey M. Krasnyi et al. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36142272/ Women's Health Initiative — National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/science/womens-health-initiative-whi Facial Beauty Age Support Serum for Estrogen Deficiency — Quicksilver Scientific https://www.quicksilverscientific.com/products/facial-beauty-serum Peptides: The Science, Uses & Safety — Dr. Andrew Huberman and Dr. Abud Bakri https://www.hubermanlab.com/episode/peptides-the-science-uses-and-safety-abud-bakri Vladimir Khavinson Publications — Professor Vladimir Khavinson https://khavinson.info/publications Show Notes 00:00 Welcome to the Hart2Heart Podcast 00:57 GLP-1 Starting Doses 03:39 GLP-1 Anti Inflammation Aging 07:15 Motility Supplements Side Effects 09:02 Tirzepatide vs Semaglutide 11:46 Adrenal Fatigue Myth 13:23 Fatigue Bloodwork Checklist 16:16 TRT Hematocrit Sleep Apnea 19:01 Underrated Blood Tests 20:06 Womens HRT Basics 22:21 Testosterone for Women 25:19 Thyroid Treatment LDN NAD 29:31 Progesterone GABA Sleep 32:25 Progesterone for Men Debate 33:43 Testosterone Injection Frequency 36:05 TRT Dosing Frequency 36:45 Why TRT Stops Working 37:50 Creams vs Injections 39:08 Fertility and HCG 41:46 Peptides vs Pharma 44:17 HGH and Secretagogues 45:12 5-Amino-1-MQ Hype 48:15 Topical GHK-Cu Skincare 50:25 Injectable Copper Peptide Hair 52:26 BPC 157 and TB500 58:25 Thymosin Alpha 1 Immunity 01:01:13 Mitochondrial Peptides 01:03:20 Endo 205 and New Peptides 01:04:17 Kavinson and Epitalon 01:08:21 Wrap Up and Where to Find The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart
#229 Supplements, Methylation, and Genetics: Why "Healthy" Stacks Can Trigger Anxiety 16.07.2026 1h 22min

Dr. Tyler Panzner joins Dr. Mike Hart to explain how genetics, supplement combinations, and individual brain chemistry can influence anxiety, irritability, brain fog, and the persistent "monkey on your back" feeling. They examine why the MTHFR gene is scientifically valid but often overmarketed, and why methylated B vitamins, SAMe, creatine, phosphatidylcholine, and other methylation-related supplements may help some people while overstimulating others. The conversation also explores hidden "adrenaline trappers" such as quercetin, polyphenols, and greens powders; why NAC, glutathione, and high-dose antioxidants may cause unwanted effects; and how lithium orotate, melatonin, nicotine, methylene blue, omega-3s, collagen, mitochondrial enhancers, and DHT-lowering supplements can affect people differently. Dr. Panzner also discusses pharmacogenomics, SSRI response, supplement timing around exercise, the limitations of genetic testing, and the importance of combining DNA data with bloodwork, symptoms, medication history, and baseline nutrient status. Dr. Tyler Panzner is a pharmacology and genetics expert whose work focuses on personalized supplementation, genetic testing, neurotransmitter pathways, and understanding why the same health intervention can affect people very differently. Through DNA analysis, laboratory review, supplement audits, and individualized coaching, he helps clients identify which biological pathways may need support and which commonly recommended supplements may be working against them. His approach challenges one-size-fits-all biohacking and emphasizes using genetics, bloodwork, symptoms, and personal response patterns to make more informed decisions about mental health, performance, and long-term wellness. Work with Dr. Tyler Panzner! Unlock Your Genetic Potential — Dr. Tyler Panzner https://drtylerpanzner.com/ Dr. Tyler Panzner on Instagram — Tyler Panzner https://www.instagram.com/drtylerpanzner/ Quieting an Overactive Mind Webinar — Tyler Panzner https://overstimulated.drtylerpanzner.com/webinar-registration-page Show Notes 00:00 Welcome to the Hart2Heart Podcast 00:47 MTHFR Hype vs Reality 02:14 Methylated Bs and Anxiety 03:48 Creatine Choline and SAMe 07:43 Beyond One Gene Test 11:14 Lithium Orotate Basics 15:18 Supplements That Backfire 17:36 Antioxidant Overload Effects 21:01 Melatonin Dose Debate 23:56 Antioxidants Around Workouts 26:48 Collagen What Actually Works 30:07 SSRIs and Genetic Fit 34:23 Herbal SSRI Alternatives 37:18 DHT Lowering Side Effects 41:54 Biohacking Marketing Hype 43:25 Fish Oil Mood Ratios 46:16 Oral Nicotine Tradeoffs 52:03 Methylene Blue Risks 54:46 Mitochondria Boosters Anxiety 57:13 Greens Powders Overstimulation 01:01:04 Magnesium Forms For Sleep 01:04:51 DNA Testing And ChatGPT 01:12:23 Genetics For Caffeine Sensitivity 01:16:23 Psychedelics And DNA 01:18:50 Coaching Logistics Wrap Up The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart
#228 Minoxidil for Hair Loss: Topical vs Oral, Tretinoin, and Microneedling 09.07.2026 31min

The episode explains how to use minoxidil for hair loss, emphasizing that it supports follicles and prolongs the anagen phase but does not block DHT (with topical dutasteride mentioned as a scalp-focused DHT option). It reviews evidence that 5% topical minoxidil is optimal (better than 2% and superior to 10%), works best on the crown/vertex, and should be applied to the scalp—not the hair—with expectations set for gradual results and possible early shedding. Twice-daily topical use is recommended unless combined with 0.01% tretinoin, which can make once-daily use similarly effective, though irritation can occur. Microneedling combined with minoxidil is strongly recommended based on a 2013 RCT, with guidance on depth (0.5–1.0 mm), frequency, and waiting 12–24 hours (or longer with tretinoin) before applying minoxidil. The episode also compares oral minoxidil dosing, notes a 2024 RCT showing similar outcomes to topical at 5 mg, and details systemic side effects, monitoring, and cautions including pet toxicity with topical use. Full Hair Loss Podcast — Wnt vs DHT https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bswq-Qhfebs Minoxidil + Microneedling — 2013 Study https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3746236/ 5% vs 2% Topical Minoxidil https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12196747/ 5% vs 10% Topical Minoxidil https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31403367/ Minoxidil + 0.01% Tretinoin Study https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17902730/ Oral vs Topical Minoxidil — 2024 Study https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11007651/ Topical Dutasteride Study https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12405733/ Topical Minoxidil Drug Information https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a689003.html Oral Minoxidil Drug Information https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682608.html Tretinoin Drug Information https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682437.html Dutasteride Drug Information https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a603001.html Minoxidil Toxicity in Dogs and Cats https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34370845/ Sildenafil / Viagra Drug Information https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a699015.html Tadalafil / Cialis Drug Information https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a604008.html Show Notes 00:00 Welcome to the Hart2Heart Podcast 00:45 Minoxidil Basics 01:43 DHT And What It Misses 03:07 How Minoxidil Works 03:55 Best Areas To Treat 04:30 Choosing The Right Strength 05:55 Once Or Twice Daily 08:28 Applying It Correctly 10:10 Microneedling Protocol 15:17 Formulations And Routine 18:14 Topical Side Effects 19:34 Shedding And Pet Safety 20:44 Oral Minoxidil Overview 22:53 Dosing And Risks 27:39 Combining Oral And Topical 28:36 Final Takeaways The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart
#227 Diet Update: High-Protein, High-Fiber Meal Plan Built for Training and Consistency 02.07.2026 29min

The speaker shares a structured, consistent diet designed to support hard training (three strength sessions, Norwegian 4x4, Zone 2 cardio, and one MMA session weekly), reduce "food noise," and stay full with high protein and fiber. He explains cooling/freezing rice to increase resistant starch and lower glycemic impact, then details his daily routine: a morning shake with creatine, collagen peptides, greens/red powder, and beta-alanine; four eggs mid-morning; high-protein Greek yogurt mixed with psyllium husk and acacia fiber; a pre-workout oats-and-whey bowl; a post-workout shake with whey, berries, vegetables, and sauerkraut; and a batch-prepped dinner of extra-lean ground beef, basmati rice, avocado, and sauce, plus a small yogurt-and-berries snack. Daily totals are about 2600 calories with ~260g protein, ~262g carbs, ~62–80g fat, and ~42g fiber, with weekend flexibility including two gin martinis and restaurant meals like steak or occasional pasta. Norwegian 4x4 Protocol https://www.ntnu.edu/cerg/advice VO2 Max / Zone 2 Cardio https://health.clevelandclinic.org/zone-2-cardio Creatine / Athletic Performance https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/ExerciseAndAthleticPerformance-Consumer/ Creatine / Sleep Deprivation Study https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10902318/ Multi Collagen Peptides https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8521576/ Collagen Before Exercise Study https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5183725/ ATP Labs Greens & Reds https://atplab.com/products/green-red-whole-foods-100-organic Beta-Alanine https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4501114/ Coenzyme Q10 https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/coenzyme-q10 Fish Oil / Omega-3 https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Omega3FattyAcids-Consumer/ Oikos High Protein Greek Yogurt https://www.oikos.ca/en/oikos-high-protein Psyllium Husk / LDL Cholesterol https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/food-nutrition/food-labelling/health-claims/assessments/psyllium-products-blood-cholesterol-lowering-nutrition-health-claims-food-labelling.html Acacia Fiber / Gut Microbiome https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8296006/ Short-Chain Fatty Acids / Butyrate https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8153313/ Grass-Fed Whey Protein https://atplab.com/products/grass-fed-whey Fermented Foods / Sauerkraut https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9020749/ Resistant Starch / Cooled Rice Study https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9013350/ Quest Protein Bars https://www.questnutrition.com/collections/protein-bars Show Notes 00:00 Welcome to the Hart2Heart Podcast 00:45 Diet Goals and Structure 01:58 Training Schedule and Carbs 03:42 Morning Supplements Stack 07:19 First Meal Eggs and Fats 09:00 Greek Yogurt Fiber Snack 11:26 Pre Workout Oats and Whey 13:22 Post Workout Shake and Gut Health 15:19 Dinner Meal Prep Beef Rice Avocado 18:40 Evening Snack and Sleep Timing 19:58 Daily Macros and Protein Targets 20:58 Weekend Flex Meals and Alcohol 24:30 Extra Foods and Final Takeaways 28:23 Wrap Up and Thanks The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart
#226 Viewpoint Diversity, Physician-Assisted Suicide, AI, and Human Dignity in Medicine 25.06.2026 1h 1min

Dr. Kristin Collier joins Dr. Mike Hart to discuss the ethical, cultural, and technological forces reshaping modern medicine. Reflecting on the 2022 white coat speech walkout, she explores viewpoint diversity, self-censorship, moral courage, and the importance of cultivating wisdom alongside technical skill in medical education. The conversation also examines physician-assisted suicide, its relationship to suicide prevention, mental illness, disability, chronic disease, palliative care, healthcare funding, and the protection of vulnerable patients. They also discuss the promise and risks of artificial intelligence in medicine, including concerns about weakened clinical reasoning and the loss of person-to-person care, as well as spirituality, meaning, reproductive ethics, IVF, abortion, and human dignity. Dr. Kristin Collier is a physician, medical educator, and bioethics scholar whose work focuses on medical education, spirituality in healthcare, human dignity, and the moral responsibilities of physicians. Drawing from her experience teaching future doctors and caring for patients, she examines how wisdom, compassion, intellectual freedom, and ethical reflection can help medicine remain both scientifically rigorous and deeply human. Truth Matters — Robert P. George and Cornel West https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/Truth-Matters/Robert-P-George/9798888451700 The Age of Feelings: Recovering the Truth https://robertpgeorge.com/articles/the-age-of-feelings-recovering-the-truth/ Meditations — Marcus Aurelius https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/2680 Medical Wisdom with Kristin Collier https://community.hippsoc.org/podcasts/the-hippocratic-society-podcast/episodes/2149039113 Moral Diversity for Medical Trainees https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39247933/ Moral Diversity for Medical Trainees — DOI https://doi.org/10.1353/pbm.2024.a936219 Professionalism in Modern Medicine: Does the Emperor Have Any Clothes? https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17198290/ The Patient as a Person — Abraham Joshua Heschel https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30411181/ Physician-Assisted Suicide Isn't Healthcare https://www.wsj.com/opinion/free-expression/physician-assisted-suicide-isnt-healthcare-0a9141c6 AMA Code of Medical Ethics — Physician-Assisted Suicide https://code-medical-ethics.ama-assn.org/ethics-opinions/physician-assisted-suicide AMA Report on Assisted-Suicide Terminology https://councilreports.ama-assn.org/councilreports/downloadreport?uri=%2Fcouncilreports%2FA_25_ceja_report_3.pdf AMA Physician-Assisted Suicide Report https://www.ama-assn.org/system/files/2019-05/a19-ceja2.pdf Stephanie Packer's Story https://patientsrightsaction.org/stephanie-packer/ Oregon Death With Dignity Act Reports https://www.oregon.gov/oha/ph/providerpartnerresources/evaluationresearch/deathwithdignityact/pages/ar-index.aspx Oregon Death With Dignity Act 2025 Report https://www.oregon.gov/oha/PH/PROVIDERPARTNERRESOURCES/EVALUATIONRESEARCH/DEATHWITHDIGNITYACT/Documents/year28.pdf The Death Treatment — Rachel Aviv https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/06/22/the-death-treatment Canadian MAID Public-Opinion Survey https://researchco.ca/2023/05/05/maid-canada-2023/ Health Canada Annual MAID Report https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/publications/health-system-services/annual-report-medical-assistance-dying-2024.html Physician-Assisted Suicide and MAID Debate https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fhT2eLrTq_Y In Vitro Fertilization: A Good End by Bad Means https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41909105/ In Vitro Fertilization Article — DOI https://doi.org/10.1177/00243639261421221 Roe v. Wade https://www.oyez.org/cases/1971/70-18 Kristin Collier — University of Michigan https://medschool.umich.edu/profile/4378/kristin-m-collier Kristin Collier X / Twitter https://x.com/HSRDirector Kristin Collier — PubMed Publications https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Kristin+M+Collier%5BAuthor%5D Kristin Collier — Google Scholar https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Kristin+M.+Collier%22 Kristin Collier — Apple Podcasts https://podcasts.apple.com/us/search?term=Kristin%20Collier Show Notes 00:00 Welcome to the Hart2Heart Podcast 01:44 Patients React to Intolerance 04:14 Cancel Culture in Medicine 08:05 Private Support and Fear 09:22 Moral Courage in Academia 11:17 Courage Versus Conformity 13:30 Why Medicine Needs Wisdom 16:45 Viewpoint Diversity in Training 22:29 Stoicism and Detached Concern 25:36 Physician Assisted Suicide Debate 29:51 Is It Ever Compassionate 31:49 Hard Cases and Suffering Care 32:20 Compassion Beyond Killing 33:09 Why People Request MAID 33:56 Suicide Prevention Paradox 37:00 Mental Illness and Euthanasia 40:02 Psychedelics Versus MAID 42:12 Euthanasia as a Hammer 46:23 AI Threats to Medicine 51:40 AI in Training Today 52:45 Spirituality and Meaning 56:11 Pro Life Pro Woman 58:33 Human Dignity Closing The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart
#225 GLP-1 Masterclass: Dosing, Optimal Use, Lifestyle Changes, and Benefits Beyond Weight Loss 18.06.2026 59min

This episode explores how to use GLP-1 medications like semaglutide/Ozempic and tirzepatide/Mounjaro safely and effectively. Dr. Mike Hart and Dr. Christle Guevarra Do discuss once-weekly dosing, individualized titration, optimal dose selection, food noise, appetite suppression, and the risks of dosing mistakes with vials or gray-market peptides. They also cover why resistance training, protein, fiber, and realistic nutrition habits are essential for preserving muscle and maintaining results. The conversation expands into GLP-1 benefits beyond weight loss, including cardiovascular protection, inflammation, autoimmune flares, addiction-related behaviors, alcohol cravings, libido, menstrual cycles, PCOS, sleep apnea, and what to expect when stopping the medication. Dr. Christle Guevarra Do is a physician focused on obesity medicine, GLP-1 education, weight management, and sustainable lifestyle change. Drawing from both her clinical experience and her own long-term use of GLP-1 medication, she helps patients understand how these medications fit into the bigger picture of long-term health. Her approach emphasizes individualized care, strength training, nutrition, behavior change, and realistic maintenance strategies rather than quick fixes. In this episode, she shares practical guidance for using GLP-1s responsibly while protecting muscle, managing hunger, and building habits that support lasting results. Dr. Christle Guevarra Website https://www.drchristle.com/ Dr. Christle's Free GLP-1 Guide https://www.drchristle.com/glp1-guide Dr. Christle Instagram https://www.instagram.com/dr.christle/ Ozempic — semaglutide https://www.ozempic.com/ Wegovy — semaglutide for weight management https://www.wegovy.com/ Mounjaro — tirzepatide https://mounjaro.lilly.com/ Zepbound — tirzepatide for weight management / sleep apnea https://zepbound.lilly.com/ FDA: Concerns With Unapproved GLP-1 Drugs https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-alerts-and-statements/fdas-concerns-unapproved-glp-1-drugs-used-weight-loss Retatrutide Clinical Trial Info https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05882045 Vyvanse — lisdexamfetamine https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=704e4378-ca83-445c-8b45-3cfa51c1ecad Creatine — NIH Supplement Info https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/ExerciseAndAthleticPerformance-HealthProfessional/ Psyllium Husk / Fiber — MedlinePlus https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a601104.html Berberine — NCCIH https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/berberine-and-weight-loss-what-you-need-to-know Tesamorelin — MedlinePlus https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a611035.html CJC-1295 — PubMed Research https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16352683/ Ipamorelin — PubMed Research https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9849822/ FDA: Peptides / Compounding Safety Concerns https://www.fda.gov/drugs/human-drug-compounding/certain-bulk-drug-substances-use-compounding-may-present-significant-safety-risks Oura Ring https://ouraring.com/ White Claw https://www.whiteclaw.com/ Show Notes 00:00 Welcome to the Hart2Heart Podcast 00:45 Weekly Dosing Debate 03:41 Starting Dose Basics 06:28 Pens vs Vials Safety 08:37 Finding Your Sweet Spot 11:01 Nighttime Binge Window 13:32 Lifestyle Work Still Matters 14:30 Benefits Beyond Weight 17:27 Libido and Low Calories 22:26 Alcohol Hits Different 24:59 Cancer Claims Reality Check 26:59 Strength Training Priority 29:06 Supplements and Creatine 29:38 Creatine Protein Fiber Basics 31:50 Berberine Pros and Cons 32:37 Peptides Sleep and Muscle 35:28 Too Lean for GLP-1 38:52 Cycles PCOS and Fertility 40:45 Food Noise vs Appetite 44:42 Staying On or Stopping 49:19 Heart Rate and HRV Concerns 51:38 Ozempic vs Mounjaro Choices 54:45 Sleep Apnea and Wrap Up The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart
#224 Dr. Alex Tatum on Peptides, FDA Crackdowns, TRT Nuance, and Safe Penis Enhancement 11.06.2026 1h 6min

Dr. Mike Hart interviews board-certified urologist Dr. Alex Tatum about peptide access, compounding, and men's health. Tatum argues many peptides are naturally occurring and lacked FDA commercialization incentives, says the FDA's 2023 move banning 19 compounds from Category 1 was contested due to no produced adverse-safety evidence, and describes the patient impact and advocacy around a July PCAC meeting. He explains most peptide APIs and many compounded GLP-1 ingredients come from China, while pharma-grade GLP-1s have more U.S. production. The discussion covers retatrutide's potential biologic classification (40–amino acid rule) and pricing implications, MOTS-c as an adjunct for low energy on GLP-1s, skepticism about cardarine, growth hormone secretagogues and cancer fears, TRT dosing frequency, sleep apnea screening, HCG's roles, and penis enhancement via traction for length and hyaluronic acid filler for girth, emphasizing expectations and mental health. Dr. Alex Tatem is a board-certified urologist focused on men's health, hormone optimization, male fertility, and sexual wellness. In this episode, he joins Dr. Mike Hart to discuss the changing landscape of peptide therapy, including FDA restrictions, compounding pharmacies, drug supply chains, and the growing debate around access to treatments such as BPC-157, MOTS-c, and retatrutide. He also breaks down practical considerations for men using testosterone replacement therapy, including HCG, fertility preservation, dosing frequency, estrogen-related side effects, and sleep apnea risk. Drawing from his experience treating a wide range of patients, he shares a harm-reduction approach to performance medicine and explains what men should understand before considering growth hormone peptides, GLP-1 medications, or penile enhancement procedures. Dr. Alex Tatem Website https://dralextatem.com/ Dr. Alex Tatem Instagram https://www.instagram.com/dralextatem/ Huberman Lab — Peptides: The Science, Uses & Safety | Dr. Abud Bakri https://www.hubermanlab.com/episode/peptides-the-science-uses-and-safety-abud-bakri FDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee Meeting — July 23–24, 2026 https://www.fda.gov/advisory-committees/advisory-committee-calendar/july-23-24-2026-meeting-pharmacy-compounding-advisory-committee-07232026 FDA Bulk Drug Substances Under Section 503A https://www.fda.gov/drugs/human-drug-compounding/bulk-drug-substances-used-compounding-under-section-503a-fdc-act FDA Compounding Safety Risks https://www.fda.gov/drugs/human-drug-compounding/certain-bulk-drug-substances-use-compounding-may-present-significant-safety-risks Semaglutide / Ozempic https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a618008.html Tirzepatide / Mounjaro https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a622044.html Retatrutide Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05929066 Testosterone Cypionate https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/search.cfm?query=testosterone%20cypionate Human Chorionic Gonadotropin / HCG https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=human+chorionic+gonadotropin BPC-157 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=BPC-157 KPV Peptide https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=KPV+peptide TB-500 / Thymosin Beta-4 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=thymosin+beta-4 MOTS-c https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=MOTS-c CJC-1295 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=CJC-1295 Ibutamoren / MK-677 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=ibutamoren+MK-677 Cardarine / GW501516 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=GW501516+cardarine PhalloFILL at Urology of Indiana https://menshealthin.com/services/phallofill/ Hyaluronic Acid Penile Girth Enhancement Overview https://auanews.net/issues/articles/2024/august-extra-2024/office-and-surgical-technologies-the-evolving-landscape-of-penile-girth-enhancement Show Notes 00:00 Welcome to the Hart2Heart Podcast 00:33 Are Peptides Threatening Pharma 01:17 Patent Law and FDA Categories 02:19 The 2023 Peptide Ban Fallout 03:59 Safety or Money Debate 06:09 China Supply Chain Exposed 11:33 RFK Jr Peptide Messaging 16:01 Retatrutide Biologic Fight 20:51 What Biologic Status Costs 25:27 MOTS-c as GLP-1 Booster 28:43 Growth Hormone Cancer Myth 32:18 Sleep Effects and Bryan Johnson 35:04 Microplastics and Saunas 36:48 Cardarine Cancer Risk 40:07 TRT and HCG Basics 45:08 HCG Dosing Nuance 49:06 Daily TRT Microdosing 52:03 Sleep Apnea on TRT 56:34 Penis Enhancement Options 01:02:54 Realistic Expectations 01:04:46 Wrap Up and Where to Follow The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart
#223 How I Increased My VO2 Max at 41 With the Norwegian 4x4 Protocol 28.05.2026 34min

The host explains how he raised his estimated VO2 max in 2026 in his 40s, emphasizing that the biggest driver was structured hard training with progressive overload, not "hacks" like peptides, supplements, sauna, red light, or ketones. After years of mostly zone 2 cardio (under ~124 bpm) plus weekly MMA, he shifted to one zone 2 session, one Norwegian 4x4 VO2 max workout, and one MMA session weekly. He defines VO2 max and details the 4x4 protocol (4 minutes hard/3 minutes easy for 4 rounds plus brief warmup/cooldown), using a COROS heart rate monitor to track significant zone 5 time. Starting at 8.0 mph, he increased treadmill speed by 0.1 mph weekly to 9.3 mph, discussing deload weeks, fatigue limits, body weight changes, footwear, sauna frequency, and mixed views on supplements like beta-alanine, beetroot, and ketones. Norwegian 4x4 Protocol https://www.myworkout.com/en/4x4-intervals VO2 Max / Zone 2 Cardio https://health.clevelandclinic.org/zone-2-cardio Stats Canada VO2 Max Percentile Table https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/82-003-x/2019010/article/00002/tbl/tbl02-eng.htm Oura Ring https://ouraring.com/ COROS Heart Rate Monitor https://coros.com/heart-rate-monitor Freak Athlete Nordic Hyper / Hyper Pro https://freakathlete.co/products/hyper-pro HOKA Clifton 10 https://www.hoka.com/en/ph/clifton-10-run-smooth/ Nike Zoom Fly https://www.nike.com/ph/w/nike-zoom-fly-running-shoes-37v7jz7oc5azy7ok Post-Exercise Sauna Bathing Study https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16877041/ Urolithin A https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2788244 Beetroot / Dietary Nitrate https://www.ausport.gov.au/ais/nutrition/supplements/group_a/performance-supplements2/beetroot-juicenitrate Ketone-IQ https://ketone.com/ Beta-Hydroxybutyrate / BHB Ketones https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493179/ L-Citrulline https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/ExerciseAndAthleticPerformance-HealthProfessional/ Creatine https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/ExerciseAndAthleticPerformance-HealthProfessional/ Beta-Alanine https://examine.com/supplements/beta-alanine/ MOTS-c https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9905433/ Cardarine / GW501516 https://www.wada-ama.org/en/news/wada-issues-alert-gw501516 Brady Holmer https://www.bradyholmer.com/ Hart2Heart Episode with Brady Holmer https://open.spotify.com/episode/0DxQVb0Mkah57ZgHbWmWUy Show Notes 00:00 Welcome to the Hart2Heart Podcast 00:33 VO2 Max Story Setup 01:27 Baseline Training Split 02:58 What VO2 Max Means 05:10 Why Add Structure 06:01 Norwegian 4x4 Explained 06:49 Starting Speeds Recovery 08:07 Zone 5 Targets 10:55 Tracking Heart Rate 12:23 Estimating VO2 Max 14:37 Zone 2 And MMA Role 17:20 Bodyweight And Running 19:46 Shoes Sauna Supplements 24:44 Progressive Overload Plan 29:34 Deloads Plateaus Mindset 31:29 Final Takeaways Encouragement The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart
#222 Peptides, Hormones, and Longevity: Safety, Skin Aging, NAD+, GLP-1s, and Mitochondrial Health with Dr. Ksenia 21.05.2026 1h 3min

Dr. Ksenia Petrushkina joins Dr. Mike Hart for a deep dive into regenerative medicine, peptides, hormones, IV therapies, and longevity. They discuss what conventional medicine and health influencers often get wrong about prevention-focused care, while exploring topics like NAD+, glutathione, GLP-1s, gut health, skin aging, mitochondrial health, BPC-157, TB-500, IGF-1, and peptide safety. Dr. Ksenia also shares why testing, inflammation, absorption, and overall health matter before using peptides or other optimization treatments. Dr. Ksenia Petrushkina is a regenerative medicine practitioner based in Aventura, Florida, and part owner of Ideal Medical and Wellness. Her work focuses on hormones, peptides, IV therapies, stem cells, and longevity, with a background in biopharmaceutical science and cancer research. She brings a prevention-focused, mechanism-based perspective to patient care, especially around inflammation, gut health, metabolic function, peptide safety, and age-related optimization. Dr. Ksenia Miami Instagram https://www.instagram.com/dr.kseniamiami/](https://www.instagram.com/dr.kseniamiami/) Ideal Medical and Wellness https://idealmedwell.com/](https://idealmedwell.com/) Tadalafil / Cialis https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a604008.html](https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a604008.html) PT-141 / Bremelanotide [https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a619054.html](https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a619054.html) GHK-Cu copper peptide https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6073405/](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6073405/) Tretinoin / Retin-A https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682437.html](https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682437.html) NAD+ https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7963035/](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7963035/) Nicotinamide Riboside / NR https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6611812/](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6611812/) Tru Niagen [https://www.truniagen.com/](https://www.truniagen.com/) Glutathione https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4684116/](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4684116/) GLP-1 drugs https://www.fda.gov/drugs/postmarket-drug-safety-information-patients-and-providers/fdas-concerns-unapproved-glp-1-drugs-used-weight-loss](https://www.fda.gov/drugs/postmarket-drug-safety-information-patients-and-providers/fdas-concerns-unapproved-glp-1-drugs-used-weight-loss) Tirzepatide https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a622044.html](https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a622044.html) BPC-157 https://www.usada.org/spirit-of-sport/bpc-157-peptide-prohibited/](https://www.usada.org/spirit-of-sport/bpc-157-peptide-prohibited/) TB-500 / Thymosin beta-4 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22074294/](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22074294/) Melanotan II https://dermnetnz.org/topics/melanotan-ii](https://dermnetnz.org/topics/melanotan-ii) IGF-1 test https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/igf-1-insulin-like-growth-factor-1-test/](https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/igf-1-insulin-like-growth-factor-1-test/) Tesamorelin https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a611035.html](https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a611035.html) Thymosin Alpha-1 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7747025/](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7747025/) SS-31 / Elamipretide https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11816484/](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11816484/) Urolithin A https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35050355/](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35050355/) Coenzyme Q10 / CoQ10 https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/coenzyme-q10](https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/coenzyme-q10) Pancreatic enzymes https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a604035.html](https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a604035.html) Psyllium husk https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a601104.html](https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a601104.html) Show Notes 00:00 Welcome to the Hart2Heart Podcast 00:38 Preventive Medicine Debate 03:03 Low Dose Cialis Basics 05:03 Prostate Cancer Link 08:18 ED Alternatives PT-141 11:52 Skin Aging Essentials 12:19 GHK-Cu Dosing Risks 15:59 Copper Uglies Explained 19:47 NAD Boosting Options 24:33 NR Infusions Trend 27:38 Glutathione and Thyroid 31:58 Stopping Levothyroxine 33:34 Glutathione Precursors Limits 34:58 Gut Protocol NAD GLP1 35:59 Tirzepatide Microdosing Guide 38:18 Glutathione Injection Protocol 40:47 BPC 157 Cancer Myth 43:28 BPC TB500 Injury Cycles 45:13 Melanotan II Skin Risks 46:50 IGF1 Aging Tradeoffs 49:16 Safest GH Secretagogue 50:05 Underrated Thymosin Alpha 52:35 Mitochondria Peptides SS31 55:00 MITC and AMPK Hype 56:36 Urolithin A and CoQ10 01:00:36 GLP1 Supplements and Labs 01:02:39 Wrap Up and Where to Find The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart
#221 Acute vs. Chronic Inflammation: Causes, Biomarkers, and How to Lower It 14.05.2026 58min

The episode explains that inflammation is a necessary survival mechanism, with acute inflammation supporting healing, while chronic inflammation drives chronic disease. It outlines major contributors to chronic inflammation including visceral fat (with fasting insulin as a proxy for insulin resistance), poor sleep and sleep apnea, ultra-processed foods, sedentary behavior, overtraining, chronic psychological stress, poor oral health, gut dysbiosis/barrier issues, smoking, alcohol, pollution, autoimmune disease, and chronic infection. The host reviews biomarkers to discuss with a physician such as high-sensitivity CRP, ESR, ferritin, WBC and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, fasting insulin, ApoB, omega-3 index/omega-6:omega-3 ratio, and homocysteine. Chronic inflammation is linked to cardiovascular disease, depression/anhedonia, brain fog, autoimmune disease risk, cancer mechanisms, skin aging, erectile dysfunction, and chronic pain. Treatment focuses on lifestyle (notably treating sleep apnea, sleep optimization, fat loss, exercise, oral health, omega-3 intake, sauna, stress regulation, circadian rhythm), selected supplements (vitamin D if deficient, curcumin, boswellia, ginger, garlic, olive oil polyphenols, sulforaphane, magnesium/glycine, taurine, NAC, quercetin, probiotics, creatine), and brief discussion of drugs including GLP-1 agonists, colchicine, NSAIDs, corticosteroids, and biologics. Chronic inflammation https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493173/ C-reactive protein test https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/c-reactive-protein-crp-test/ ESR blood test https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/erythrocyte-sedimentation-rate-esr/ Ferritin blood test https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/ferritin-blood-test/ Homocysteine test https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/homocysteine-test/ ApoB test https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/24992-apolipoprotein-b-test Insulin resistance https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507839/ Obstructive sleep apnea https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000811.htm CPAP therapy https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001916.htm Sleep hygiene https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/about_sleep/sleep_hygiene.html Physical activity guidelines https://www.cdc.gov/physical-activity-basics/guidelines/adults.html Ultra-processed foods https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10831891/ Gum disease https://www.cdc.gov/oral-health/about/gum-periodontal-disease.html Gut microbiome https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/gut-microbiome-what-you-need-to-know Fiber https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/carbohydrates/fiber/ Autoimmune diseases https://medlineplus.gov/autoimmunediseases.html Inflammation and heart disease https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/consumer-healthcare/what-is-cardiovascular-disease/inflammation-and-heart-disease Inflammation and depression https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4566946/ Cancer and chronic inflammation https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/chronic-inflammation Omega-3 supplements https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/omega3-supplements-what-you-need-to-know Show Notes 00:00 Welcome to the Hart2Heart Podcast 00:58 Inflammation Basics 01:24 Acute Versus Chronic 03:29 Chronic Disease Link 03:52 Visceral Fat Driver 06:06 Sleep And Apnea 12:33 Food And Movement 16:02 Stress And Oral Health 18:17 Gut And Fiber 21:17 Toxins Autoimmune Infection 26:05 Inflammation Biomarkers 27:13 Inflammation Blood Markers 28:37 Ferritin Iron Balance 30:07 Metabolic Cardio Labs 32:08 Omega 3 Index Insights 34:07 Homocysteine Risks 34:58 Why Inflammation Matters 41:07 Lifestyle Fixes 46:24 Supplement Options 54:36 Medication Overview 57:36 Final Takeaways The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart
#220 Wnt vs DHT: Understanding Androgenic Alopecia and the Top Treatments to Slow Hair Loss 07.05.2026 41min

In this solo episode on androgenic alopecia, the host explains that hair loss is slow and progressive, driven largely by genetics and DHT-mediated miniaturization of follicles across the anagen, catagen, and telogen cycle, and stresses early detection using periodic photos of the temples, hairline/vertex, and crown. He frames hair growth as a "battle" between Wnt signaling (promotes growth and anagen entry via stem cell activation) and DHT signaling (suppresses Wnt and increases inhibitors like DKK, TGF-beta, and PGD2), noting advanced loss involves inflammation, fibrosis, and irreversible follicle loss. He reviews contributors like poor scalp blood flow, iron deficiency (most evidence), possible zinc/B12/folate deficiency, thyroid dysfunction, and insulin resistance, then covers treatments: finasteride (oral and topical) and dutasteride as DHT blockers with potential systemic side effects, plus minoxidil and microneedling (home vs professional) as key options, with add-ons like ketoconazole shampoo, PRP, red light, and cautions about anabolic steroids and high-dose testosterone increasing DHT pressure. Hair loss diagnosis and treatment https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/hair-loss/treatment/diagnosis-treat Androgenetic alopecia https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/androgenetic-alopecia/ DHT and WNT signaling https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29549490/ Finasteride https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a698016.html Topical finasteride https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6609098/ FDA warning on compounded topical finasteride https://www.fda.gov/drugs/human-drug-compounding/fda-alerts-health-care-providers-compounders-and-consumers-potential-risks-associated-compounded Post-finasteride syndrome https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35983808/ Dutasteride https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a603001.html Minoxidil https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/hair-loss/treatment/diagnosis-treat Microneedling for hair loss https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23960389/ Ketoconazole shampoo https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31858672/ Topical caffeine https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39997270/ Pumpkin seed oil https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24864154/ PRP for hair loss https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30882509/ Red light / low-level light therapy https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8906269/ Stem cells / exosomes for hair growth https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12433634/ Iron, zinc, B12, and folate deficiencies https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6380979/ Thyroid testing https://medlineplus.gov/thyroidtests.html Insulin resistance / metabolic syndrome https://medlineplus.gov/metabolicsyndrome.html Testosterone / TRT https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a605020.html Tretinoin https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682437.html Anastrozole / Arimidex https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a696018.html Anabolic steroids https://nida.nih.gov/research-topics/anabolic-steroids Show Notes 00:00 Welcome to the Hart2Heart Podcast 00:56 What Is Androgenic Alopecia 02:17 Hair Follicle Life Cycle 03:55 Miniaturization and Early Detection 06:51 DHT Basics and Other Causes 09:27 WNT Versus DHT Explained 13:10 Nutrients Thyroid and Insulin 16:26 Finasteride Benefits and Risks 19:21 Topical Finasteride and Dutasteride 25:01 Minoxidil Growth Booster 27:19 Microneedling for WNT Activation 30:21 Extra Treatments and Add Ons 37:04 Testosterone TRT and Steroids 40:16 Wrap Up and Key Takeaways The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart
#219 Dr. Allen Frances on AI Chatbots, Mental Health Risks, Privacy, and the Overdiagnosis of Autism 30.04.2026 46min

Dr. Allen Frances discusses how AI chatbots can provide effective support for everyday stress and mild symptoms, with tens of millions using them, but warns they can be dangerous for vulnerable groups—especially the very young, the very old, the socially isolated, and people with severe mental illness—potentially contributing to psychosis, suicide, or eating disorders. He argues harm is driven by chatbots being programmed to be pleasing and validating to maximize screen time, creating dependency and "echo chambers," and highlights major privacy risks and manipulation potential given extensive data collection and weak safeguards. Frances advocates a hybrid model where therapists and patients train chatbots as assistants aligned with treatment goals, and cautions about industry profit motives, limited regulation, scams, political propaganda, and broader societal risks. He also explains autism's overdiagnosis since DSM-IV's expansion (Asperger's/autism spectrum) and describes ADHD and autism as current fad diagnoses amplified by services and social media. Dr. Allen Frances is a psychiatrist, author, and leading voice on psychiatric diagnosis, mental health, and the risks of overmedicalization. He is widely known for his work on the DSM-IV and for his book Saving Normal, which challenges the overdiagnosis and overtreatment of everyday life struggles. In this episode, he joins Dr. Mike Hart to break down the growing impact of AI chatbots on mental health, therapy, privacy, and clinical care. He explains when chatbot support may be helpful, why vulnerable users can be harmed, how AI could reshape psychotherapy, and why privacy with chatbots may be an illusion. He also discusses the overdiagnosis of autism and ADHD, the role of social media in self-diagnosis, and why false labels can change how people see themselves and their future. Books & Articles Saving Normal — Allen Frances Allen Frances mentions his book near the end of the episode. https://www.harpercollins.com/products/saving-normal-allen-frances Allen Frances — Psychiatric Times Articles He mentions his columns in Psychiatric Times about chatbots and psychiatry. https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/authors/allen-frances-md 1984 — George Orwell Referenced when comparing AI chatbots to "Big Brother." https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/326569/1984-by-george-orwell-with-a-foreword-by-thomas-pynchon/ AI Tools & Companies Mentioned ChatGPT / OpenAI Discussed throughout the episode as a major AI chatbot example. https://chatgpt.com/ Claude / Anthropic Mentioned as one of the safer chatbot companies. https://www.anthropic.com/ Grok / xAI Mentioned during the discussion on chatbot safety. https://x.ai/grok Character.AI Mentioned as an AI companion/chatbot platform. https://character.ai/ Replika Mentioned as another AI companion/chatbot app. https://replika.com/ Signal Mentioned during the privacy and encryption discussion. https://signal.org/ TikTok Mentioned during the discussion of autism, ADHD, and self-diagnosis trends. https://www.tiktok.com/ AI Regulation & News References EU AI Act Mentioned during the discussion of Europe's stronger AI regulation. https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/regulatory-framework-ai Australia Social Media Age Restrictions Referenced when discussing age limits and children's chatbot/social media exposure. https://www.esafety.gov.au/about-us/industry-regulation/social-media-age-restrictions Kaiser Mental Health Workers AI Strike Mentioned during the discussion of therapists being concerned about AI replacing care. https://apnews.com/article/kaiser-mental-health-therapists-ai-2d05d37fd8be8f05491f0f15d97a78af Psychiatry, Diagnosis & Mental Health References DSM-5-TR Referenced in the discussion of DSM-IV, Asperger's, autism spectrum, and diagnostic expansion. https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/practice/dsm Autism Spectrum Disorder — NIMH Useful support link for the autism overdiagnosis discussion. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/autism-spectrum-disorders-asd ADHD — CDC Referenced during the discussion of ADHD as a common modern diagnosis. https://www.cdc.gov/adhd/ SSRIs — FDA Mentioned during the discussion about antidepressant prescribing. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/information-drug-class/selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors-ssris-information Hippocratic Oath Referenced through the idea of "first do no harm." https://www.britannica.com/topic/Hippocratic-oath Historical / Therapy References ELIZA Chatbot Referenced as the first chatbot and an early example of people bonding with machine-generated responses. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/365153.365168 Carl Rogers Mentioned because ELIZA was designed to imitate a Rogerian-style psychotherapist. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Carl-Rogers Show Notes 00:00 Welcome to the Hart2Heart Podcast 00:49 Benefits vs Dangers 01:52 Engagement and Validation Trap 03:21 Who Is Most at Risk 04:19 When Chatbots Help 05:43 Hybrid Therapy Future 06:52 How to Train Assistants 08:47 Therapists Must Adapt 09:33 Healthcare Replacement Nightmare 11:15 Human Touch vs AI Limits 12:41 Suicide Risk and Lawsuits 14:43 SSRIs and Primary Care 16:56 Everyday Use and Vulnerables 19:12 Regulation and Kids 22:03 AI Power and Resource Costs 23:43 Deepfake Psychiatrists 24:30 Most Dystopian Takeover 25:50 AI Dependency Dangers 27:11 Why No One Pauses AI 28:41 EU Regulation Falling Behind 29:36 AI Hacking Breakthrough 30:38 Chatbot Privacy Myth 32:53 Protecting Yourself Online 35:26 Echo Chambers Manipulation 37:17 Scams Deepfakes Politics 40:44 Autism Overdiagnosis DSM 44:13 ADHD Fad Diagnosis Risks 45:53 Wrap Up Resources The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart
#218 Lab-Grown Meat, Grocery Prices, and the Real Drivers of Food Inflation in Canada (with the Food Professor) 23.04.2026 53min

In a wide-ranging interview, Dr. Sylvain Charlebois ("The Food Professor") discusses whether lab-grown (cellular) meat is overhyped, citing consumer acceptance, cost, and labeling as key barriers, though he found lab-grown chicken indistinguishable in taste and notes potential for nutrient customization. The conversation then turns to Canadian food inflation, arguing there is little evidence grocers are gouging consumers via higher margins, though grocers pressure suppliers through fees, affecting prices and supply-chain discipline. Charlebois contends food inflation is largely structural and policy-driven, pointing to trade barriers, carbon tax impacts, logistics, supply management, counter-tariffs, and the GST holiday's inflationary effect. He proposes solutions focused on competition, tax relief, logistics investment, and policy reform, and closes with a cautious view of ultra-processed food rhetoric, emphasizing consumer information over bans. Dr. Sylvain Charlebois is a professor of food distribution and policy at Dalhousie University and director of the Agri-Food Analytics Lab, where his work focuses on food distribution, food policy, food security, and food safety. Widely known as "The Food Professor," he is one of Canada's most recognized voices on food inflation, grocery pricing, supply chains, and the future of food. His research has been featured in major outlets including The Economist, The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, and The Globe and Mail, and he also hosts The Food Professor Podcast. In this episode, he breaks down what's really driving food prices in Canada, whether grocers are being unfairly blamed, the debate around lab-grown meat, and how ultra-processed foods and GLP-1 drugs are reshaping the food industry. Sylvain / The Food Professor The Food Professor on X — https://x.com/FoodProfessor Sylvain Charlebois on LinkedIn — https://ca.linkedin.com/in/thefoodprofessor The Food Professor Podcast — https://the-food-professor.simplecast.com/ Food Tech / Salmon AquaBounty — https://aquabounty.com/our-salmon/why-aquabounty-salmon FDA AquAdvantage Salmon Fact Sheet — https://www.fda.gov/animal-veterinary/aquadvantage-salmon/aquadvantage-salmon-fact-sheet Sustainable Blue — https://www.sustainableblue.com/ Canada Food Policy / Data Canada Grocery Code of Conduct — https://canadacode.org/ Code of Conduct Page — https://canadacode.org/code/code-of-conduct/ Health Canada Front-of-Package Nutrition Symbol — https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/food-nutrition/nutrition-labelling/front-package.html Statistics Canada Household Income — https://www.statcan.gc.ca/hub-carrefour/quality-life-qualite-vie/prosperity-prosperite/household-income-revenu-menage-eng.htm CUSMA — https://www.international.gc.ca/trade-commerce/trade-agreements-accords-commerciaux/agr-acc/cusma-aceum/index.aspx?lang=eng GST/HST Holiday Page — https://www.canada.ca/en/services/taxes/child-and-family-benefits/gst-hst-holiday-tax-break.html David Dodge, Bank of Canada Profile — https://www.bankofcanada.ca/profile/david-dodge/ Companies / Brands Mentioned Loblaw Companies — https://loblaw.ca/ Sobeys — https://www.sobeys.com/ Walmart Canada — https://www.walmartcanada.ca/ CBC Organization Profile — https://federal-organizations.canada.ca/profil.php?OrgID=CBC&lang=en Johnson & Johnson — https://www.jnj.com/ McDonald's Canada — https://www.mcdonalds.com/ca/en-ca.html GLP-1 / Weight Loss Drugs Ozempic Canada — https://www.ozempic.ca/en_ca.html Wegovy Canada — https://www.wegovy.ca/en_ca.html Media / Podcast Reference The Joe Rogan Experience — https://open.spotify.com/show/4rOoJ6Egrf8K2IrywzwOMk Show Notes 00:00 Welcome to the Hart2Heart Podcast 00:37 Lab Meat Hype Cycle 01:50 How Cultured Meat Works 03:06 Acceptance and Cost Barriers 04:46 Taste Test and Nutrition Tweaks 06:54 Vegans Vegetarians and Labeling 14:53 Canada Food Inflation Debate 15:57 Grocers Fees and Supplier Squeeze 17:40 Policy Roots and Middle Class Squeeze 21:06 Fixes Without More Spending 23:27 Supply Management Price Premiums 24:51 Politics Crises and Inflation Spending 26:53 Inflation And Taxes 27:38 Conservative Policy Impact 28:19 Grocer Margins And Manufacturing 30:05 GST Holiday Backfire 33:18 Media Blind Spots 35:05 Counter Tariffs Price Ripple 37:41 Carney Versus Poilievre 42:53 Media Subsidies And CBC 44:39 Ultra Processed Food Debate 48:54 Addiction Obesity And GLP1 51:30 Regulation Tradeoffs Wrap Up 52:51 Where To Follow Closing The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart
#217 Dr. Russell Kennedy on Anxiety as a Body Alarm: Childhood Patterns, Worry, Somatic Healing 16.04.2026 1h 8min

Dr. Mike Hart interviews Dr. Russell Kennedy about chronic anxiety as a childhood safety adaptation that never turns off, driven more by a body-based "alarm" than by thinking. Kennedy explains why understanding anxiety and talk-based cognitive approaches often have limited effect because subcortical systems communicate through feeling; alarm sensations trigger the mind to generate worries, which can become dopamine-reinforced and addictive. He discusses sensitivity (often cited as 15–20% of the population), modern stressors like smartphones and social media reducing discomfort tolerance, and high-functioning anxiety in high achievers and physicians, with sleep as a key regulation marker. Kennedy emphasizes reconnecting mind and body and adult self with younger self using somatic techniques (body scanning, hand placement, "sensation without explanation," and the SHOULD acronym), notes trauma can occur without an overtly traumatic life, links dysregulated autonomic states to varied symptoms, and shares rapid tools like the physiological sigh and alternate nostril breathing, plus his "Sanity" app and AnxietyMD resources. Dr. Russell Kennedy is a physician, author, and anxiety expert whose work explores the deeper roots of chronic anxiety, especially the role of childhood stress, nervous system dysregulation, and the body's stored alarm response. In this episode, he explains why anxiety is not just a thinking problem but a feeling problem, how worry becomes a coping pattern that keeps people stuck, why high performers often live in a state of hidden dysregulation, and how self-connection, somatic awareness, and better sleep can help break the cycle. Through a blend of clinical experience, neuroscience, and personal insight, Kennedy helps listeners better understand where anxiety comes from and what it actually takes to heal it at the root. Official site: https://www.dr-russ.com/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/theanxietymd/ YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/DrRussellKennedyTHEANXIETYMD Therapies Mentioned Internal Family Systems (IFS): https://ifs-institute.com/ Somatic Experiencing / somatic therapy: https://traumahealing.org/ Physiological sigh: https://www.hubermanlab.com/newsletter/breathwork-protocols-for-health-focus-stress Alternate nostril breathing: https://www.health.harvard.edu/healthy-aging-and-longevity/alternate-nostril-breath Pain / Neuroplasticity Resources Alan Gordon / Pain Psychology Center: https://painpsychologycenter.com/our-team Pain Reprocessing Therapy: https://www.painreprocessingtherapy.com/ Experts Mentioned David Goggins: https://davidgoggins.com/ Joseph LeDoux: https://www.joseph-ledoux.com/ Dr. Ethan Russo: https://ethanrusso.org/ Clinical endocannabinoid deficiency paper (PubMed): https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15159679/ Show Notes 00:00 Welcome to the Hart2Heart Podcast 01:19 Anxiety Starts in the Body 03:17 Sensitivity and Modern Stress 05:58 The Dopamine Worry Loop 08:08 Self Connection Over Self Punishment 09:09 High Functioning Anxiety and Burnout 12:41 Redefining Success Internally 17:19 Discipline vs Dysregulation 21:46 Mind Body Child Separation 27:10 Finding the Alarm Sensation 29:16 Somatic Steps to Soothe Alarm 33:18 Why We Should Say Alarm 35:07 Medicine Limits and SSRIs 35:36 Medicine Misses Root Causes 36:57 Trauma Behind Weird Symptoms 38:58 Fibro IBS and Nervous System 42:31 Forgiveness and Doctor Burnout 50:51 Biohacking Anxiety Spiral 56:56 Somatic Healing and Spirit 01:02:50 Psychedelics Need Foundation 01:03:39 Physiological Sigh Tools 01:06:24 App Plug and Farewell The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart
#216 VO2 Max, Zone 2 Training, HRV Wearables, Sauna, and Evidence-Based Performance Supplements with Brady Holmer 02.04.2026 1h 13min

Dr. Mike Hart interviews elite runner Brady Holmer about endurance training, VO2 max physiology, and common misconceptions. Holmer explains that zone 2 builds the aerobic base and enables high training volume with less fatigue, notes heart-rate zones are ideally defined by lactate thresholds, and says he primarily uses perceived exertion rather than lactate or heart rate during training. He advises against guiding workouts by wearable HRV scores, arguing accurate HRV requires standardized morning measurements and that wearable data can create a nocebo effect; trends may be informative, but subjective feel should come first. They discuss polarized vs pyramidal training and typical 80/20 intensity distributions, effective session durations, mechanisms limiting VO2 max (central vs peripheral), and why Norwegian 4x4 intervals work by maximizing time near 85–90% max heart rate. They cover breathing/nose breathing, inspiratory muscle training, sauna/hot baths as performance adjuncts, nutrition timing of carbohydrates, and supplements including beetroot, beta-alanine, urolithin A, and post-exercise ketones. Brady Holmer is an endurance-focused performance expert and elite runner whose work explores the science and practice of aerobic fitness, VO2 max, recovery, and smarter cardio training. In this episode, he explains how zone 2 training builds the foundation for endurance, why HRV and wearable data should be interpreted carefully, and how protocols like Norwegian 4x4 can improve performance when used in the right context. Through a blend of long-term training experience, research literacy, and practical coaching insight, Holmer helps listeners better understand how to train harder, recover smarter, and think more clearly about what actually improves cardiovascular fitness. Training & Cardio Zone 2 Cardio Overview (Cleveland Clinic): https://health.clevelandclinic.org/zone-2-cardio Lactate / Threshold-Based Training Threshold zones review (PMC): https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6537749/ Lactate-guided threshold interval training (PMC): https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10000870/ Norwegian 4x4 Classic VO2 max paper (PubMed): https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17414804/ 4x4 protocol heart-rate response study (PMC): https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7399937/ Polarized Training Meta-analysis / review (PubMed): https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38717713/ Older landmark paper (PubMed): https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24550842/ Pyramidal Training Pyramidal vs. polarized study (PMC): https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9299127/ HRV & Wearables Marco Altini Official site: https://www.marcoaltini.com/ HRV4Training: https://www.hrv4training.com/ HRV Measurement / Use HRV4Training article with Marco Altini: https://www.hrv4training.com/blog2/heart-rate-variability-hrv-training-with-dr-marco-altini-how-to-exercise-using-hrv Oura Ring Official: https://ouraring.com/ WHOOP Official: https://www.whoop.com/ Experts & Writing Dr. Andy Galpin Official site: https://www.andygalpin.com/ Brady Holmer Substack profile: https://substack.com/@bradyholmer Physiologically Speaking: https://www.physiologicallyspeaking.com/ Supplements & Recovery Exercise / Performance Supplements NIH overview: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/ExerciseAndAthleticPerformance-HealthProfessional/ Creatine Cleveland Clinic overview: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/17674-creatine Beta-Alanine NIH consumer overview: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/ExerciseAndAthleticPerformance-Consumer/ ISSN position stand (PMC): https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4501114/ Beetroot / Dietary Nitrate Review (PMC): https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4008816/ Meta-analysis (PubMed): https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23580439/ Urolithin A Mitopure / official: https://www.mitopure.com/ Altitude training camp study (PMC): https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12628386/ Exogenous Ketones Ketone-IQ official: https://ketone.com/ Post-exercise ketone monoester and EPO study (PubMed): https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36449571/ Post-exercise ketones improved endurance training adaptations study (PubMed): https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41757674/ Show Notes 00:00 HRV Training Myth 00:59 Zone Two Benefits 02:11 Finding True Zone Two 03:59 RPE Over Wearables 06:27 HRV Done Right 12:06 80 20 Training Split 15:23 Zone Two Session Length 18:37 Cardio Adaptation Science 24:03 Norwegian 4x4 Explained 30:30 Sports Versus Machines 32:54 Leg Day Timing Tips 34:58 Best Leg Exercises 38:21 Nordic Curl Reality Check 39:11 Portable Nordic Setup Tips 39:51 Biggest Running Mistake 40:18 Nose Breathing Zone Two 42:16 Breathing Tools And Myths 43:08 Inspiratory Muscle Training 44:51 How Much Benefit Really 46:27 Sauna For VO2 Max 48:35 Heat Mimics Altitude 50:59 Sauna Fertility Debate 52:54 Red Light Therapy Reality 54:30 Carbs Fuel The Work 56:25 Timing Carbs Around Training 57:52 Best Carb Food Choices 59:41 Supplements For Cardio 01:00:20 Creatine Beta Alanine Beetroot 01:02:16 Urolithin A Breakthrough 01:05:01 Ketones After Training 01:07:31 Other Supplements And Caffeine 01:09:07 SARMs Peptides And Doping 01:10:10 VO2 Max And Longevity 01:10:49 Wrap Up And Where To Follow The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart
#215 Brain Health From Morning to Night: Sleep, Exercise, Supplements, Screens, and ADHD Meds 26.03.2026 56min

Dr. Tommy Wood discusses evidence that stimulants can help people with ADHD but may worsen complex cognitive performance in non-ADHD users despite feeling more focused. He outlines an ideal brain-health day centered on consistent sleep opportunity, morning caffeine timed to protect sleep, nutrient-dense meals (protein, B vitamins, omega-3s, fiber, antioxidants), frequent movement to break up sedentary time, and structured exercise including cardio, resistance training, HIIT (notably Norwegian 4x4), and open-skill sports for added cognitive benefits. He emphasizes bright morning light and darkness at night for circadian strength, notes optic-flow/nature exposure as helpful but not required, and says electrolytes/salt needs are individual. The conversation covers cognitive decline and bioenergetics/mitochondria, critiques "type 3 diabetes" as oversimplified, reviews mixed evidence for ketones, and addresses supplements (omega-3s, vitamin D, saffron, creatine, polyphenols). Screens can help or harm depending on use and what they displace. Wood promotes his book, "The Stimulated Mind," out March 24. Dr. Tommy Wood is a physician-scientist and brain health expert who helps people better understand how to improve cognition, protect memory, and reduce long-term dementia risk. With a focus on exercise, sleep, nutrition, and brain energetics, he explores the practical habits that support focus, processing speed, recovery, and healthy cognitive aging. Dr. Wood is known for translating complex neuroscience into clear, actionable advice, while challenging oversimplified ideas around stimulants, supplements, and modern brain optimization. Through his research, speaking, and new book The Stimulated Mind, Dr. Wood teaches people how to create the right conditions for better brain function across the lifespan. His work empowers listeners to think of brain health as something trainable—shaped by movement, sleep, learning, and the quality of the inputs we give our minds every day. Books & Main Episode Resources The Stimulated Mind Official book page: https://www.drtommywood.com/stimulated-mind Publisher page: https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/751292/the-stimulated-mind-by-dr-tommy-wood/ Dr. Tommy Wood Official website: https://www.drtommywood.com/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/drtommywood/ Podcasts, People & Platforms The Diary of a CEO Official show page: https://stevenbartlett.com/doac/ Joe Rogan Experience Official site: https://www.joerogan.com/ Spotify show page: https://open.spotify.com/show/4rOoJ6Egrf8K2IrywzwOMk Dr. Rhonda Patrick / FoundMyFitness Official site: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/ About Dr. Rhonda Patrick: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/about-dr-rhonda-patrick Medications & Prescription Drugs Mentioned Provigil (modafinil) DailyMed label: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=e16c26ad-7bc2-d155-3a5d-da83ad6492c8 Vyvanse (lisdexamfetamine) DailyMed label: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=704e4378-ca83-445c-8b45-3cfa51c1ecad Concerta (methylphenidate) Official prescribing info: https://www.jnjlabels.com/package-insert/product-monograph/prescribing-information/CONCERTA-pi.pdf Adderall DailyMed label: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=f22635fe-821d-4cde-aa12-419f8b53db81 Adderall XR DailyMed label: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=aff45863-ffe1-4d4f-8acf-c7081512a6c0 Aricept (donepezil) FDA label: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2018/020690s042,021720s014,022568s011lbl.pdf Hydration / Electrolytes LMNT Official site: https://drinklmnt.com/ Research, Labs & Studies Mentioned COSMOS Trial Official site: https://cosmostrial.org/ ClinicalTrials.gov: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03035201 Institute for Human and Machine Cognition (IHMC) Official site: https://www.ihmc.us/ Jonathan Little Lab (UBC) Faculty page: https://hes.ok.ubc.ca/about/contact/jonathan-little/ Lab site: https://emil.ok.ubc.ca/ Show Notes 00:00 Stimulants Backfire 00:56 Plan Sleep First 02:33 Caffeine Timing 04:24 Brain Food Basics 05:12 Move All Day 06:00 Workouts That Help 07:26 Social Connection Matters 08:36 Sunlight Optic Flow Hydration 13:31 Exercise Types Compared 16:02 HIIT Lactate Brain Boost 18:18 Open Skill Sports 21:45 ADHD Meds Long Term 26:51 Which Med Is Best 27:59 Cognitive Decline Energy 28:27 Brain Energy Risk Factors 29:04 Stimulus Drives Brain Health 30:57 Type Three Diabetes Debate 33:42 Ketones and Cognition 37:13 Mitochondria and Decline 38:42 Omega Three Practical Dosing 41:45 Vitamin D and Dementia Risk 43:13 Saffron Hype Check 45:03 Creatine for the Brain 50:28 Polyphenols Diet vs Pills 52:41 Screens AI and Brain Use 55:31 Book Plug and Wrap Up The Hart2Heart podcast is hosted by family physician Dr. Michael Hart, who is dedicated to cutting through the noise and uncovering the most effective strategies for optimizing health, longevity, and peak performance. This podcast dives deep into evidence-based approaches to hormone balance, peptides, sleep optimization, nutrition, psychedelics, supplements, exercise protocols, leveraging sunlight, and de-prescribing pharmaceuticals — using medications only when absolutely necessary. Beyond health science, we explore the intersection of public health and politics, exposing how policy decisions shape our health landscape and what actionable steps people can take to reclaim control over their well-being. Guests range from out-of-the-box thinking physicians such as Dr. Casey Means (author of "Good Energy") and Dr. Roger Sehult (Medcram lectures) to public health experts such as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya (Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Dr. Marty Mckary (Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and high-profile names such as Zuby and Mark Sisson (Primal Blueprint and Primal Kitchen). If you're ready to take control of your health and performance, this podcast is for you.We cut through the jargon and deliver practical, no-BS advice that you can implement in your daily life, empowering you to make positive changes for your well-being. Connect with Dr. Mike Hart Instagram: @drmikehart Twitter: @drmikehart Facebook: @drmikehart

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