Constantine the Great: The Emperor Who Changed Christianity Forever — Fexingo History — Подкаст

Constantine's Lost Sister: The Tragedy of Constantia 19.09.2026 12мин

While we have spent many episodes examining Constantine the Great’s military campaigns, theological compromises, and legal reforms, history has largely obscured the life of his younger sister, Constantia. Born around 315 AD, she was not merely a passive figure in her brother’s shadow but a crucial diplomatic tool in the volatile politics of the Tetrarchy. This episode explores her marriage to Licinius, her role as a peacemaker between two emperors on the brink of war, and the tragic circumstances surrounding her death. We will look at how her position gave her unique influence over imperial succession and how her son, Valerius Severus, became a pawn in the power struggles that followed Constantine’s final victory. By examining Constantia’s brief but pivotal life, we uncover the human cost of empire-building and the quiet agency of women in late Roman politics. Through sources like Eusebius and Libanius, we reconstruct a narrative often buried under the weight of male-centric chronicles, revealing how familial bonds were both the strongest glue and the sharpest weapon in the Constantinian court. #ConstantineTheGreat #ConstantiaOfRome #Licinius #Tetrarchy #RomanEmpireHistory #ByzantineHistory #AncientWomen #ImperialDiplomacy #BattleOfCibalis #EusebiusOfCaesarea #Libanius #ValeriusSeverus #LateAntiquity #RomanPolitics #FamilyDynasty #HistoricalFigures #FexingoHistory #History Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo

Constantine's Mithraic Roots and the Chi-Rho Symbol 18.09.2026 8мин

While previous episodes explored Constantine’s legal reforms, theological compromises at Nicaea, and the architectural grandeur of his new capital, this episode digs into the spiritual crucible that shaped his worldview: the syncretism of late Roman paganism and early Christianity. We examine how the cult of Sol Invictus, the Unconquered Sun, intertwined with emerging Christian symbolism to create the unique imperial theology of the fourth century. Lucas and Luna trace the journey from the military camps along the Rhine, where soldiers worshipped Mithras, to the decisive moment at the Milvian Bridge. We analyze the evidence from Lactantius and Eusebius regarding the Chi-Rho vision, questioning whether it was a genuine divine encounter or a calculated political maneuver designed to unify a fractured empire. The conversation also explores Constantine’s mother, Helena, and her role in legitimizing the Christian narrative through pilgrimage, while acknowledging the persistent influence of pagan traditions in his court. By focusing on the visual and ritualistic aspects of his conversion—rather than just the laws he passed—we reveal how Constantine navigated the dangerous waters between two worlds, ultimately forging an identity that would define the Byzantine Empire for a millennium. #ConstantineTheGreat #SolInvictus #ChiRho #Mithraism #MilvianBridge #Lactantius #EusebiusOfCaesarea #ChristianityInRome #RomanReligion #HelenaAugusta #ConstantinopleHistory #LateAntiquity #ImperialTheology #BattleOfMilvianBridge #UnconqueredSun #FexingoHistory #AncientHistory #History Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo

Constantine and the Battle of the Milvian Bridge 17.09.2026 11мин

In this episode, we step away from the legal codes, theological debates, and architectural projects that have defined our previous look at Constantine’s reign. Instead, we focus on the single day that altered the trajectory of Western history: October 28, 312 AD. We examine the political landscape of the Tetrarchy, the rivalry between Constantine and Maxentius, and the strategic decisions that led to the Battle of the Milvian Bridge. We explore the primary sources, including Lactantius and Eusebius, regarding the famous vision of the Chi-Rho symbol and whether it was a divine sign or a calculated piece of military propaganda. We also delve into the tactical realities of the Roman army, the role of the cavalry, and the murky aftermath of Maxentius’s death in the Tiber River. This is not just a story about a battle, but about how a moment of crisis forced an emperor to redefine his own identity and the empire’s spiritual foundation. #ConstantineTheGreat #BattleOfMilvianBridge #Maxentius #ChiRho #RomanEmpire #ChristianityHistory #Tetrarchy #Lactantius #Eusebius #Rome312AD #TiberRiver #PaganismToChristianity #MilitaryHistory #LateAntiquity #ImperialPropaganda #VisionOfConstantine #FexingoHistory #History Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo

Constantine's Silk Road: Trade, Religion, and Power 16.09.2026 7мин

While we often focus on Constantine’s legal reforms and military victories, his reign also transformed the Mediterranean into a bustling hub of global trade. This episode explores how Constantine leveraged the Silk Road to connect Rome with the Sassanian Empire and India, using commerce as a tool for diplomatic influence. We examine the role of Syriac-speaking merchants in spreading Christianity beyond Roman borders, the strategic importance of the Red Sea ports, and how the flow of silk and spices funded imperial projects like Constantinople’s new churches. Through the lens of economic history, we uncover how a single emperor’s vision reshaped cultural exchanges across Eurasia, blending faith, wealth, and political strategy in ways that defined the late antique world. #ConstantineTheGreat #SilkRoadTrade #SassanianEmpire #SyriacChristianity #RedSeaPorts #LateAntiquity #RomanEconomy #ByzantineHistory #MediterraneanTrade #ChristianExpansion #IndianOceanTrade #NabateanMerchants #ImperialCurrency #CulturalExchange #AncientCommerce #FexingoHistory #HistoryPodcast #AncientRome Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo

Constantine’s Military Reforms: The Scholae Palatinae 15.09.2026 11мин

While Constantine the Great is famous for his religious edicts and the founding of Constantinople, his most enduring structural change was to the Roman military itself. In this episode, we explore how he dismantled the Praetorian Guard after their betrayal at the Milvian Bridge and replaced them with the Scholae Palatinae — elite palace troops loyal only to the emperor. Lucas and Luna trace the evolution from Diocletian’s reforms to Constantine’s final restructuring, examining the new command hierarchy of magister peditum and magister equitum. We look at specific units like the protectores domestici and the role of the comitatenses in mobile field armies versus the limitanei guarding the frontiers. This conversation reveals how Constantine’s military innovations didn't just win battles; they fundamentally altered the relationship between the soldier and the state, creating a professionalized force that would define the late Roman and early Byzantine armies for centuries. #ConstantineTheGreat #ScholaePalatinae #RomanMilitaryHistory #PraetorianGuard #LateAntiquity #MagisterPeditum #Comitatenses #Limitanei #ByzantineArmy #DiocletianReforms #MilvianBridge #ProtectoresDomestici #RomanImperialCourt #MilitaryCommandStructure #ConstantinopleFounding #AncientRome #FexingoHistory #History Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo

Constantine's Golden Basilica and the Architecture of Power 14.09.2026 8мин

This episode explores Constantine’s architectural legacy in Constantinople, focusing on the construction of the Golden Bema, the Great Palace, and the Church of the Holy Apostles. We examine how these structures were not just religious or political centers but deliberate statements of imperial divinity and urban planning. The conversation covers the engineering marvels of the time, the integration of pagan and Christian symbols in public spaces, and the influence of Constantine’s building projects on later Byzantine architecture. Listeners will discover the stories behind specific sites like the Augustaeum, the Mese avenue, and the use of spolia from conquered territories to adorn new imperial monuments. This deep dive into stone, gold, and ideology reveals how Constantine shaped the physical landscape of the early Christian empire. #ConstantineTheGreat #Constantinople #GoldenBema #GreatPalaceOfConstantinople #ChurchOfTheHolyApostles #ByzantineArchitecture #Augustaeum #MeseAvenue #Spolia #ImperialDivinity #EarlyChristianity #RomanEngineering #HagiaSophia #NovaRoma #ArchitecturalHistory #ConstantinianDonation #FexingoHistory #History Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo

Constantine's Mithraic Roots and the Chi-Rho Symbol 13.09.2026 12мин

We often picture Constantine as a purely Christian emperor, but his path to power was paved with older, sun-worshipping traditions. In this episode, we explore the complex religious landscape of the early fourth century, focusing on the influence of Mithraism and the cult of Sol Invictus on Constantine’s personal beliefs. We examine how he navigated these competing spiritual forces before and after the Battle of the Milvian Bridge in 312 AD. The conversation digs into the visual evidence from his coinage, where the Chi-Rho symbol began to appear alongside images of the Unconquered Sun. We also look at the writings of Lactantius and Eusebius, comparing their accounts of Constantine’s vision. By understanding his Mithraic roots, we gain a clearer picture of how he eventually embraced Christianity not just as a political tool, but as a unifying force for an empire that needed a single, powerful deity. #ConstantineTheGreat #Mithraism #ChiRho #SolInvictus #BattleOfMilvianBridge #Lactantius #Eusebius #RomanEmpire #EarlyChristianity #AncientRome #ReligiousHistory #Paganism #Iconography #ConstantineCoinage #UnconqueredSun #ByzantineHistory #FexingoHistory #History Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo

Constantine’s Imperial Portraits and the Art of Power 12.09.2026 6мин

This episode explores how Constantine the Great used colossal marble statues, bronze busts, and architectural propaganda to reshape Roman imperial identity. We examine the Colossus of Constantine in Rome, its placement in the Basilica Nova, and how its scale communicated divine authority rather than human vulnerability. Lucas traces the evolution from Diocletian’s tetrarchic symmetry to Constantine’s singular, unblinking gaze, discussing the theological shift from Sol Invictus to the Christian God as visual anchors of power. Luna asks about the craftsmanship behind these images and what they reveal about the emperor’s self-image. Together, they uncover how art became a political weapon, cementing Constantine’s legacy not just through laws or battles, but through the very stone that surrounded him. #ConstantineTheGreat #RomanArt #ImperialPropaganda #ColossusOfConstantine #BasilicaNova #Diocletian #Tetrarchy #SolInvictus #ChristianIconography #LateAntiquity #RomeHistory #ByzantineArt #MarbleSculpture #ImperialPortraiture #Constantinople #MediterraneanHistory #FexingoHistory #History Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo

Constantine's Mithraic Roots and the Chi-Rho 11.09.2026 8мин

While Constantine is remembered as the first Christian emperor, his early religious life was deeply entangled with Sol Invictus and the mystery cult of Mithras. This episode explores the complex spiritual landscape of the late Roman Empire, examining how Constantine’s father, Constantius Chlorus, navigated these pagan traditions before the Battle of Milvian Bridge in 312 AD. We look at the archaeological evidence linking the imperial court to Mithraic temples, the significance of the solar deity in Roman military propaganda, and the political necessity of maintaining traditional rites while subtly shifting toward monotheism. Through the lens of coins, inscriptions, and contemporary accounts like those of Lactantius and Eusebius, we trace the subtle evolution of Constantine’s personal faith from a syncretic devotion to the Unconquered Sun to the adoption of the Chi-Rho symbol. This narrative challenges the simple binary of pagan versus Christian, revealing a ruler who used religious ambiguity to unify a fractured empire, ultimately paving the way for the theological settlements that would define Western civilization. #ConstantineTheGreat #SolInvictus #Mithraism #BattleOfMilvianBridge #ChiRho #ConstantiusChlorus #RomanReligion #LateAntiquity #Lactantius #EusebiusOfCaesarea #ImperialCoinage #Syncretism #Paganism #Christianization #Nicomedia #Rome #HistoryPodcast #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo

Constantine's Baptism: The Mystery of His Final Faith 10.09.2026 9мин

For decades, historians debated whether Constantine the Great was baptized before or after his death. While earlier episodes covered his Edict of Milan and the Council of Nicaea, this episode explores the mystery of his final days in Nicomedia. We examine the conflicting accounts from Eusebius of Caesarea and Zosimus regarding his baptism by Bishop Eusebius of Nicomedia. Was it a last-minute ritual to cleanse his sins, or a lifelong commitment? We also look at the political implications of his delayed baptism, the role of his mother Helena in Jerusalem, and how his deathbed conversion shaped the future of the Roman Empire. Join us as we uncover the truth behind one of history’s most enduring religious mysteries. #ConstantineTheGreat #ChristianityInRome #EusebiusOfCaesarea #Zosimus #Nicomedia #BaptismMystery #RomanEmpireHistory #LateAntiquity #HellenisticChristianity #ImperialConversion #ByzantineHistory #ChurchHistory #ReligiousPolitics #AncientRome #FaithAndPower #HistoricalMysteries #FexingoHistory #History Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo

Constantine's Secret Army: The Scholae Palatinae 09.09.2026 9мин

While we often focus on Constantine’s religious reforms or the founding of Constantinople, his most immediate source of power lay in a small, elite group of soldiers known as the scholae palatinae. Before this episode, you might know about the limitanei guarding the borders or the comitatenses field armies, but the imperial bodyguards were something entirely different. They were drawn from the finest troops across the empire, sworn only to the emperor, and equipped with the best gear Rome could offer. Lucas and Luna explore how Constantine dismantled the old Praetorian Guard after its betrayal and replaced it with a loyalist force that served as both personal protection and a political tool. We look at their daily life, their role in the court at Nicomedia and later Constantinople, and how they became the enforcers of imperial will. This wasn't just military history; it was the architecture of autocracy, showing us how one man secured his throne through trust, proximity, and overwhelming force. #ConstantineTheGreat #ScholaePalatinae #RomanMilitaryHistory #PraetorianGuard #ByzantineEmpire #ImperialCourt #LateRomanArmy #Nicomedia #Constantinople #RomanHistory #AncientRome #MilitaryReforms #RomanEmperors #FexingoHistory #HistoryPodcast #ChristianRome #PoliticalPower #HistoricalAnalysis Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo

Constantine's Last Days and the Mystery of His Death 08.09.2026 11мин

For over two decades, our show has traced Constantine the Great’s rise, his legal reforms, the Council of Nicaea, and the founding of Constantinople. But history often skips the final, bewildering chapter: the last forty days of his life in 337 AD. In this episode, we leave behind the polished edicts and theological compromises to examine the visceral reality of Constantine’s final illness. We explore the conflicting accounts of his death—was it a swift stroke, or a prolonged, agonizing decline? We look at the controversial role of Eusebius of Caesarea, whose hagiography smoothed over the rough edges of imperial mortality, and the darker whispers from pagan critics like Zosimus who saw divine punishment for his sins. We also investigate the political vacuum left by his sudden death, the subsequent massacre of his family members ordered by his sons, and how the narrative of a Christian emperor was carefully curated even in his final moments. Join us as we strip away the halo to see the man, the myth, and the messy, human end of the empire’s first Christian ruler. #ConstantineTheGreat #RomanEmpireHistory #DeathOfConstantine #EusebiusOfCaesarea #Zosimus #Constantinople #LateAntiquity #ChristianityInRome #ImperialMortality #Hagiography #PaganCritics #ConstantiusII #Constans #ConstantineII #DonatistControversy #BaptismDelay #SuccessionCrisis #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo

Constantine's Letter to Eusebius: The Text That Shaped Orthodoxy 07.09.2026 10мин

In this episode, we look past the battles and the coins to examine a single document that fundamentally altered the trajectory of Western religion. We explore the letter Constantine sent to Eusebius of Caesarea in 326 AD, instructing him to produce fifty copies of the sacred scriptures. This commission was not merely an act of piety but a logistical masterpiece involving state resources, imperial scriptoria, and the standardization of biblical texts across the empire. We trace how these 'Biblia sacra' were bound in purple-dyed leather and gold, distributed to churches in major cities like Rome, Alexandria, and Constantinople, and used to cement a specific theological orthodoxy under imperial patronage. We also discuss the controversial role of Eusebius, the church historian who navigated the delicate balance between serving the emperor and preserving ecclesiastical independence, and how this specific moment laid the groundwork for the canonical Bible as we know it today. #Constantine #EusebiusOfCaesarea #EarlyChristianity #ByzantineHistory #BiblicalCanon #ImperialPatronage #ChurchHistory #LateAntiquity #Paleography #Scriptorium #Nicaea #Orthodoxy #RomanEmpire #Theology #Manuscripts #Hagiography #HistoricalTexts #FexingoHistory #History Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo

Constantine's Theological Compromise: The Council of Nicaea 06.09.2026 8мин

In this episode, we explore the complex political and theological maneuvering behind the Council of Nicaea in 325 CE. While often remembered as the birthplace of the Nicene Creed, the council was less about simple doctrinal clarity and more about imperial consolidation. We examine how Constantine summoned bishops from across the Mediterranean to resolve the Arian controversy, a debate that threatened to fracture the church he had just legalized. Lucas details the surprising presence of Eusebius of Caesarea and his nuanced approach to orthodoxy, while Luna asks about the actual debates between Arius and Alexander of Alexandria. We also look at the lesser-known canons issued by the council, which regulated clerical behavior and calendar calculations, revealing Constantine’s desire for uniformity in both faith and practice. This conversation moves beyond the myth of a unified Christian empire to show the messy, human reality of early ecclesiastical politics, where theology and statecraft were inextricably linked. #CouncilOfNicaea #ArianControversy #ConstantineTheGreat #EusebiusOfCaesarea #Athanasius #Arius #NiceneCreed #EarlyChristianity #ByzantineHistory #Theology #ChurchHistory #AlexanderOfAlexandria #Heresy #Orthodoxy #4thCentury #RomanEmpire #FexingoHistory #History Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo

Constantine's Forgotten Mother Helena and the True Cross 05.09.2026 5мин

While Constantine is rightly celebrated for his political maneuvers and military victories, his mother Helena Augusta played a pivotal role in shaping the religious landscape of the fourth century. This episode explores her journey to the Holy Land around 326 CE, a pilgrimage that was as much about imperial prestige as personal devotion. We examine the archaeological evidence behind the discovery of the True Cross at Golgotha, the construction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, and the complex historical record provided by Eusebius of Caesarea and later church historians. You will learn how Helena’s actions legitimized Christian sites across Palestine, from Bethlehem to Jerusalem, and how her legacy endured long after her death. Through the lens of her life, we uncover the intersection of faith, power, and archaeology in the early Roman Empire. #HelenaAugusta #TrueCross #ChurchOfTheHolySepulchre #Golgotha #EusebiusOfCaesarea #ConstantineTheGreat #EarlyChristianity #RomanEmpire #Palestine #Bethlehem #Nativity #Pilgrimage #Archaeology #ByzantineHistory #ReligiousHistory #AncientRome #History #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo

Constantine's Coinage: How Money Built the New Empire 04.09.2026 6мин

We often think of Constantine’s legacy in terms of churches, laws, and battles, but his most enduring revolution might have been printed on gold. In this episode, we explore how Constantine reformed the Roman monetary system with the introduction of the solidus, a coin so stable it would circulate for nearly nine hundred years without debasement. We trace the economic pressures that led to this change, the intricate relationship between imperial authority and merchant trust, and the surprising ways this single reform helped stabilize the empire during its most turbulent decades. Alongside the gold standard, we look at how Constantine managed the debased silver coins still used by the common people, creating a dual-currency system that reflected the social stratification of late antiquity. We also examine the minting workshops across the empire—from Antioch to Rome—and how the imagery on these coins communicated political messages about unity, divine favor, and imperial power. This is a story about economics as statecraft, showing how Constantine understood that faith and law needed the backing of reliable currency to truly take root. #ConstantineTheGreat #Solidus #RomanEconomy #ByzantineHistory #AncientCoinage #LateAntiquity #RomanEmpire #MonetaryPolicy #GoldStandard #DiocletianReforms #RomanMints #HistoricalEconomics #ChristianEmpire #ImperialPropaganda #MedievalMoney #Bizantium #FexingoHistory #HistoryPodcast #AncientRome Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo

Constantine's Christian Courts: Law, Faith, and Forgiveness 03.09.2026 8мин

While we often remember Constantine for the Edict of Milan or his military campaigns, his most enduring legacy may lie in the courtroom. This episode explores how the first Christian emperor reshaped Roman jurisprudence, blending imperial authority with emerging theological concepts. We examine specific legal reforms that elevated the status of women, restricted cruel punishments, and introduced the concept of *clementia*—imperial mercy—as a governing principle. Through the lens of surviving edicts and the writings of Eusebius, we trace how Constantine’s personal faith influenced the administration of justice across the empire. From granting wives property rights to protecting slaves from arbitrary violence, these changes were not merely symbolic but practical shifts in how law was applied to everyday life. We also look at the tensions between traditional Roman legal rigor and the new moral imperatives of Christianity, revealing a ruler who sought to reconcile two very different worlds through the power of the written word. #ConstantineTheGreat #RomanLaw #EarlyChristianity #EdictOfMilan #EusebiusOfCaesarea #ImperialMercy #WomenInAntiquity #SlaveRightsRome #Clementia #ByzantineHistory #LegalReforms #Constantinople #LateAntiquity #ChristianEmpire #JusticeSystem #FexingoHistory #HistoryPodcast #AncientRome Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo

Constantine's Tax on Sin: The Empire's First Moral Code 02.09.2026 8мин

We often think of Constantine the Great as the emperor who legalized Christianity, but his legal legacy is far more complex and contradictory. In this episode, we explore how Constantine’s laws simultaneously granted tolerance to Christian bishops while imposing severe criminal penalties on traditional Roman religious practices. We examine the specific statutes that banned divination, restricted access to temples for those accused of 'magical' crimes, and redefined the boundary between acceptable piety and state-sanctioned heresy. You will hear about the *Theodosian Code* provisions regarding *maleficia*, the imperial response to astrologers and soothsayers, and the subtle shift in power from the old priestly colleges to the new ecclesiastical hierarchy. This conversation digs into the primary sources, including letters from Lactantius and later codifications by Justinian, to show how a ruler trying to unify the empire actually created a new kind of religious policing. We also look at the case of the *aruspices* and the controversial execution of high-ranking officials for alleged sorcery, revealing the tension between Constantine’s public image as a pious Christian and his private reliance on traditional auguries for military success. #Constantine #RomanLaw #Christianity #Paganism #TheodosianCode #Divination #Magic #LateAntiquity #ReligiousPolicy #Lactantius #Astrology #Temples #ImperialEdicts #ByzantineHistory #HistoricalJustice #FaithAndState #AncientRome #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo

Constantine's Shadow: The Execution of Crispus 01.09.2026 9мин

In this episode, we look past the victories and the faith to examine the darkest hour of Constantine’s reign. We explore the tragic fall of his eldest son, Crispus, once hailed as Caesar and a brilliant military commander. Historians have long debated the reasons behind his sudden execution in 326 AD, uncovering a tangled web of imperial politics, jealousy, and family tragedy. We dive into the accounts of Zosimus and Eusebius, who offer conflicting narratives about the role of Fausta, Constantine’s wife. Did she frame her stepson out of spurned affection? Or was Crispus involved in a genuine conspiracy against his father? We also examine the eerie aftermath: how Constantine ordered Crispus’ name erased from monuments while sparing Fausta, only for history to condemn her instead. This is a story of power’s corrosive effect on the most intimate bonds. #Crispus #Fausta #ConstantineTheGreat #RomanEmpire #ImperialConspiracy #ByzantineHistory #Zosimus #EusebiusOfCaesarea #LateAntiquity #RomanSuccession #FamilyTragedy #DamnatioMemoriae #Nicomedia #RomanPolitics #HistoricalMystery #FexingoHistory #AncientRome #History Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo

Constantine's Greek East: The Language Shift That Built Byzantium 31.08.2026 8мин

In 330 CE, Constantine dedicated his new capital on the Bosporus, but the real transformation wasn't just bricks and marble—it was language. Over the course of his reign, the emperor's public words shifted from Latin, the language of Roman law and army, to Greek, the tongue of Homer and the New Testament. This episode explores how that linguistic pivot reoriented the empire's center of gravity, reshaped its bureaucracy, and set the stage for the Byzantine world. We look at the practical decisions behind the shift, from the foundation charter of Constantinople to the imperial edicts issued in Greek, and we meet the Greek-speaking elites who rose to power in the new capital. We also consider what was lost—and gained—when the empire's public voice changed. Drawing on sources like Eusebius's Life of Constantine and the Theodosian Code, we trace the subtle but seismic move that made Greek the language of power for a thousand years. #Constantine #GreekEast #Byzantium #Latin #Hellenism #Constantinople #Justinian #TheodosianCode #Eusebius #HolySepulchre #NewRome #languageShift #RomanEmpire #AncientHistory #FexingoHistory #History #Mediterranean #LateAntiquity Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo