Metal Conversations

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  29 Metal Fatigue 17.06.2026 8dk

  In this episode Michael Pfeifer discusses metal fatigue. Fatigue is a common component failure mechanism that involves localized, permanent damage to metals exposed to cyclic stress.This episode is a companion to several articles and resources on the Industrial Metallurgists, LLC websitePrevent product delays: design to prevent fatigueFatigueImproving Fatigue ResistancePreventing Metal Fatigue-----------------------------------Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer at Industrial Metallurgists, LLC. Industrial Metallurgists offers ⁠⁠metallurgy consulting⁠⁠ and ⁠⁠metallurgy training⁠⁠ to design and manufacturing clients to help withComponent materials selectionManufacturing process developmentSupplier evaluationFailure analysis and root cause analysisHe received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois.He wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product performance, reliability, and  cost.For more information about Michael go to ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.imetllc.com/about/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠
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  28 Re-introduction 03.06.2026 7dk

  In this episode Michael discusses his return to podcasting and re-introduces himself, his engineering pursuits and perspective, and what he'll be discussing in the future.-----------------------------------Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer at Industrial Metallurgists, LLC. Industrial Metallurgists offer ⁠metallurgy consulting⁠ and ⁠metallurgy training⁠ to design and manufacturing clients to help withComponent materials selectionManufacturing process developmentSupplier evaluationFailure analysis and root cause analysisHe received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois.He wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product performance, reliability, and  cost.For more information about Michael go to ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.imetllc.com/about/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠
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  27 Metal Annealing 31.05.2024 8dk

  in this episode, Michael Pfeifer discusses the recrystallization anneal process and confusion regarding the use of the term anneal.To learn more about recrystallization annealing check out this video and article.https://youtu.be/ewb_xlgRt2Qhttps://www.imetllc.com/metal-annealing/---------------------------Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer at Industrial Metallurgists, LLC. Industrial Metallurgists offer metallurgy consulting and metallurgy training to design and manufacturing clients to help withComponent materials selectionManufacturing process developmentSupplier evaluationFailure analysis and root cause analysisHe received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois.He wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product performance, reliability, and  cost.For more information about Michael go to ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.imetllc.com/about/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠
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  26 Phase Diagrams 16.05.2024 10dk

  Phase diagrams are graphical representations of the phases present in a particular alloy being held at a particular temperature.  Phase diagrams are used to predict the phase changes that occur in alloys during heating and cooling. This can be during heat treating, casting solidification, joining processes that involve molten metal, and elevated temperature use conditions. This is important because the properties of a metal component depend on the phases present in the metal. In this episode Michael discusses phase diagrams and their use. To learn more about phase diagrams check out this video and article. https://youtu.be/Fb5M-rgqxiU https://www.imetllc.com/alloy-phase-diagram/ --------------------------- Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer. He works with design and manufacturing clients to help with Component materials selection Manufacturing process development Supplier evaluation Failure analysis and root cause analysis He received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois. He wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product performance, reliability, and  cost. For more information about Michael go to ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.imetllc.com/about/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Industrial Metallurgists offer metallurgy and metals engineering consulting and training. The training is geared to design, manufacturing, and quality engineers. More information about Industrial Metallurgists' services and training is at ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.imetllc.com/⁠⁠
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  25 Engineering Mistakes, Causes, and Prevention 01.04.2024 12dk

  Engineering and producing a product or structure involves many decisions and actions, and occasionally mistakes are made. Sometimes they are easy to fix and not costly. Other times the mistakes take a great deal of effort and money to fix. Regardless, the general categories of mistakes can be put into two categories – mistakes due to process or procedure errors and mistakes due to ignorance.   in this episode Michael discusses these types of mistakes, their causes, and ways to prevent them from occurring. To learn more about check out this video and article. ⁠https://www.youtu.be/3lCGI-Oav7o https://www.imetllc.com/engineering-mistakes-causes-and-prevention/⁠ --------------------------- Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer. He works with design and manufacturing clients to help with Component materials selection Manufacturing process development Supplier evaluation Failure analysis and root cause analysis He received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois. He wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product performance, reliability, and  cost. For more information about Michael go to ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.imetllc.com/about/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Industrial Metallurgists offer metallurgy and metals engineering consulting and training. The training is geared to design, manufacturing, and quality engineers. More information about Industrial Metallurgists' services and training is at ⁠⁠⁠https://www.imetllc.com/⁠⁠
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  24 Supplier Selection 12.03.2024 13dk

  Supplier selection involves many considerations from several different perspectives, such as design engineering, quality engineering, sourcing, finance, and shipping and logistics. in this episode Michael discusses supplier selection considerations based on the materials engineering perspective, with a focus on metal stock and metal components. To learn more about the supplier selection from the materials engineering perspective check out this video and article. https://youtu.be/gxuJ2W4l0DE https://www.imetllc.com/supplier-selection/ --------------------------- Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer. He works with design and manufacturing clients to help with Component materials selection Manufacturing process development Supplier evaluation Failure analysis and root cause analysis He received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois. He wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product  performance, reliability, and  cost. For more information about Michael go to ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.imetllc.com/about/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Industrial Metallurgists offer metallurgy and metals engineering consulting and training. The training is geared to design, manufacturing, and quality engineers. More information about Industrial Metallurgists' services and training is at ⁠⁠https://www.imetllc.com/⁠
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  23 Component Design Process 28.02.2024 13dk

  Michael discusses a high level view of the component design process from the metals engineering perspective. To learn more about the component design process, check out these resources: https://youtu.be/4qGDbbBe4g4 https://www.imetllc.com/materials-selection/ https://www.imetllc.com/materials-selection-design-requirements/ https://www.imetllc.com/designing-optimized-components/ --------------------------- Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer. He works with design and manufacturing clients to help with Component materials selection Manufacturing process development Supplier evaluation Failure analysis and root cause analysis He received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois. He wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product  performance, reliability, and  cost. For more information about Michael go to ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.imetllc.com/about/⁠⁠⁠⁠ Industrial Metallurgists offer metallurgy and metals engineering consulting and training. The training is geared to design, manufacturing, and quality engineers. More information about Industrial Metallurgists' services and training is at ⁠https://www.imetllc.com/⁠
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  22 Product Launch Formula 31.01.2024 12dk

  In this episode, Michael discusses different aspects of product development, product launch, and post-launch where materials engineering will improve product success.Developing and launching a product can be stressful – there are many decisions, problems to overcome, and risks to mitigate. While we’d like the process to go smoothly and be able to calmly meet deadlines, this usually is not the case – things we didn’t consider pop up or things that shouldn’t have been a problem become a problem. Many of the decisions, problems, and risks are associated with the materials used in a product. After all, a product is ultimately an assembly of materials that have been shaped, manipulated, and modified. So, making the effort to engineer the materials will have an impact on product cost, performance, and reliability,and on manufacturing throughput and quality.To learn more about successful product development, launch, and improvement check these out-https://youtu.be/D_rtl7TNrQE-https://www.imetllc.com/product-launch-formula/This episode is a complement to articles and podcasts available on the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Industrial Metallurgists website⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ https://www.imetllc.com/.---------------------------Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer. He works with design and manufacturing clients to help with Component materials selection Manufacturing process development Supplier evaluation Failure analysis and root cause analysisHe received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois.He wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product  performance, reliability, and  cost.For more information about Michael go to ⁠⁠⁠https://www.imetllc.com/about/⁠⁠⁠Industrial Metallurgists offer metallurgy and metals engineering consulting and training. The training is geared to design, manufacturing, and quality engineers. More information about Industrial Metallurgists' services and training is at https://www.imetllc.com/
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  21 Residual Stress in Metals 29.11.2023 7dk

  In this episode I discuss residual stress in metalsSee this article to learn more ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Residual StressThis episode is a complement to articles and podcasts available on the ⁠⁠⁠⁠Industrial Metallurgists website⁠⁠⁠⁠ https://www.imetllc.com/.---------------------------Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer. He works with design and manufacturing clients to help with Component materials selection Manufacturing process development Supplier evaluation Failure analysis and root cause analysisHe received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois.He wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product  performance, reliability, and  cost.For more information about Michael go to ⁠⁠https://www.imetllc.com/about/⁠⁠Industrial Metallurgists offer metallurgy and metals engineering consulting and training. The training is geared to design, manufacturing, and quality engineers. More information about Industrial Metallurgists' services and training is at https://www.imetllc.com/
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  20 Five Key Metallurgy Concepts 26.10.2023 11dk

  In this episode I discuss five key metallurgy concepts that apply to all metals and are necessary to understand to be able to apply metallurgy to Produce stock metal Design and fabricate low-cost, reliable components. Figure out the root cause of component failures and production quality problems.See this article to learn more ⁠⁠⁠⁠Five Key Metallurgy ConceptsWe also offer an online course the teaches metallurgy fundamentals Principles of MetallurgyThis episode is a complement to articles and podcasts available on the ⁠⁠⁠Industrial Metallurgists website⁠⁠⁠ https://www.imetllc.com/.---------------------------Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer. He works with design and manufacturing clients to help with Component materials selection Manufacturing process development Supplier evaluation Failure analysis and root cause analysisHe received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois.He wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product  performance, reliability, and  cost.For more information about Michael go to ⁠https://www.imetllc.com/about/⁠Industrial Metallurgists offer metallurgy and metals engineering consulting and training. The training is geared to design, manufacturing, and quality engineers. More information about Industrial Metallurgists' services and training is at https://www.imetllc.com/
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  19 Two fundamental metallurgy principles 17.10.2023 11dk

  In this episode I discuss the two fundamental principles that are the foundation of metallurgy and metals engineering.See this article to learn more ⁠Two fundamental metallurgy principlesThis episode is a complement to articles and podcasts available on the ⁠⁠Industrial Metallurgists website⁠⁠ https://www.imetllc.com/.---------------------------Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer. He works with design and manufacturing clients to help with Component materials selection Manufacturing process development Supplier evaluation Failure analysis and root cause analysisHe received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois.He's wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product  performance, reliability, and  cost.For more information about Michael go to https://www.imetllc.com/about/Industrial Metallurgists offer metallurgy and metals engineering consulting and training. The training is geared to design, manufacturing, and quality engineers. More information about Industrial Metallurgists' services and training is at https://www.imetllc.com/
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  18 Engineering to Prevent Hydrogen Embrittlement 27.07.2023 8dk

  In this episode I discuss the hydrogen embrittlement mechanism and the engineering steps needed to prevent hydrogen embrittlement of steel fasteners. See this article to learn more Hydrogen Embrittlement of SteelThis episode is a complement to articles and podcasts available on the ⁠Industrial Metallurgists website⁠ https://www.imetllc.com/.---------------------------Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer. He works with design and manufacturing clients to help with Component materials selection Manufacturing process development Supplier evaluation Failure analysis and root cause analysisHe received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois.He's wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product  performance, reliability, and  cost.For more information about Michael go to https://www.imetllc.com/about/Industrial Metallurgists offer metallurgy and metals engineering consulting and training. The training is geared to design, manufacturing, and quality engineers. More information about Industrial Metallurgists' services and training is at https://www.imetllc.com/
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  17 Life (and Engineering) Lessons from Boxing 14.07.2023 11dk

  In this episode I discuss a lesson I learned from boxing – being purposeful - and how it applies to engineering (and probably other disciplines) and other aspects of life. Check out my articles on the Industrial Metallurgists website https://www.imetllc.com/. --------------------------- Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer. He works with design and manufacturing clients to help with Component materials selection Manufacturing process development Supplier evaluation Failure analysis and root cause analysis He received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois. He's wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product  performance, reliability, and  cost. For more information about Michael go to https://www.imetllc.com/about/ Industrial Metallurgists offer metallurgy and metals engineering consulting and training. The training is geared to design, manufacturing, and quality engineers. More information about Industrial Metallurgists' services and training is at https://www.imetllc.com/
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  16 Using Failure Analysis to Improve Equipment Reliability 07.07.2023 10dk

  In this episode I discuss another failure analysis project I worked on - an equipment reliability problem. This example demonstrates how failure analysis is applied to improve reliability.I also discuss my motivation for working on failure analyses.See this article to learn more Example of Using Failure Analysis to Improve Reliability of Production EquipmentSee this video to learn more Example of Using Failure Analysis to Improve Reliability - Mixing BladeWe also offer an online course Metal Failure AnalysisThis episode is a complement to articles and podcasts available on the Industrial Metallurgists website https://www.imetllc.com/.---------------------------Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer. He works with design and manufacturing clients to help with Component materials selection Manufacturing process development Supplier evaluation Failure analysis and root cause analysisHe received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois.He's wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product  performance, reliability, and  cost.For more information about Michael go to https://www.imetllc.com/about/Industrial Metallurgists offer metallurgy and metals engineering consulting and training. The training is geared to design, manufacturing, and quality engineers. More information about Industrial Metallurgists' services and training is at https://www.imetllc.com/
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  15 Definition of Successful Product 22.06.2023 12dk

  From an engineering perspective, what is a successful product? In this episode I discuss what I think it is and the influence of metals engineering on product success.I also discuss three new resources for learning about successful component design, designing for reliability, and various metallurgy and metals engineering topics that apply to product design and manufacturing. https://www.imetllc.com/designing-optimized-components/https://www.imetllc.com/design-for-reliability-course/See this video to learn more What's a successful product? Materials engineering perspectiveThis episode is a complement to articles and podcasts available on the Industrial Metallurgists website https://www.imetllc.com/.---------------------------Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer. He works with design and manufacturing clients to help with Component materials selection Manufacturing process development Supplier evaluation Failure analysis and root cause analysisHe received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois.He's wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product  performance, reliability, and  cost. For more information about Michael go to https://www.imetllc.com/about/ Industrial Metallurgists offer metallurgy and metals engineering consulting and training. The training is geared to design, manufacturing, and quality engineers. More information about Industrial Metallurgists' services and training is at https://www.imetllc.com/
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  14 Failure analysis case studies 16.06.2023 11dk

  In this episode I discuss two failure analysis projects I worked on. See this article to learn more Failure Analysis Case StudiesWatch this video to learn more Failure Analysis Case studies: orange peel and faucetWe also offer an online course ⁠Metal Failure Analysis⁠---------------------------Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer. He works with design and manufacturing clients to help with Component materials selection Manufacturing process development Supplier evaluation Failure analysis and root cause analysisHe received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois.He's wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product  performance, reliability, and  cost.For more information about Michael go to https://www.imetllc.com/about/Industrial Metallurgists offer metallurgy and metals engineering consulting and training. The training is geared to design, manufacturing, and quality engineers. More information about Industrial Metallurgists' services and training is at https://www.imetllc.com/
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  13 Product Reliability and Materials Degradation 31.05.2023 8dk

  In this episode I discuss product reliability. Reliability refers to the ability of a product to perform as needed for a period of time. Read this article to learn more Materials and Design for ReliabilityWatch this video to learn more Design for Reliability---------------------------Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer. He works with design and manufacturing clients to help with Component materials selection Manufacturing process development Supplier evaluation Failure analysis and root cause analysisHe received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois.He's wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product  performance, reliability, and  cost.For more information about Michael go to https://www.imetllc.com/about/Industrial Metallurgists offer metallurgy and metals engineering consulting and training. The training is geared to design, manufacturing, and quality engineers. More information about Industrial Metallurgists' services and training is at https://www.imetllc.com/
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  12 Six-sigma and materials engineering 17.05.2023 10dk

  In this episode I discuss 6-sigma, statistical process control, and the role of materials engineering in developing capable manufacturing processes. Materials are used to fabricate components and join components together. And, we want manufacturing processes capable of producing components and assemblies without defects or problems, and whose materials have the desired properties. So, developing and maintaining a six-sigma manufacturing process depends heavily on materials engineering.To learn more about this subject, read this article Six sigma and Materials Engineering and watch this video 6-sigma and materials engineering.---------------------------Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer. He works with design and manufacturing clients to help with Component materials selection Manufacturing process development Supplier evaluation Failure analysis and root cause analysisHe received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois.He's wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product  performance, reliability, and  cost.For more information about Michael go to https://www.imetllc.com/about/Industrial Metallurgists offer metallurgy and metals engineering consulting and training. The training is geared to design, manufacturing, and quality engineers. More information about Industrial Metallurgists' services and training is at https://www.imetllc.com/
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  11 Tribute to Steel Metallurgy Knowledge 24.04.2023 9dk

  In this episode I discuss the state of steel metallurgy knowledge and the things this knowledge have enabled including ultra-high volume steel production and the ability to engineer components with a wide range of properties for a wide range of applications.To learn more, read this article A Tribute to Steel Metallurgy Knowledge and watch this video A Tribute to Steel Metallurgy Knowledge and Steel Metallurgy BasicsAlso, we have an online course Steel Metallurgy---------------------------Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer. He works with design and manufacturing clients to help with Component materials selection Manufacturing process development Supplier evaluation Failure analysis and root cause analysisHe received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois.He's wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product  performance, reliability, and  cost.For more information about Michael go to https://www.imetllc.com/about/Industrial Metallurgists offer metallurgy and metals engineering consulting and training. The training is geared to design, manufacturing, and quality engineers. More information about Industrial Metallurgists' services and training is at https://www.imetllc.com/
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  10 A different perspective for seeing products 21.03.2023 8dk

  How do you look at any product? See just a thing that performs a certain function?In this episode I discuss my perspective on how I see a product - as an assembly of materials - and how it influences how I help design products to meet performance, reliability, and cost goals.Read this article to learn more Product design - A different perspectiveWatch this video to learn more Product Design - a different perspective---------------------------Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., PE is a metallurgist and metals engineer. He works with design and manufacturing clients to help with Component materials selection Manufacturing process development Supplier evaluation Failure analysis and root cause analysisHe received a B.S. and M.S. in Metallurgical Engineering from University of Illinois and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering  from  Northwestern University. He is a Professional Engineer, licensed in Illinois.He's wrote a book - Materials Enabled  Designs. It teaches how to select materials that optimize product  performance, reliability, and  cost.For more information about Michael go to https://www.imetllc.com/about/Industrial Metallurgists offer metallurgy and metals engineering consulting and training. The training is geared to design, manufacturing, and quality engineers. More information about Industrial Metallurgists' services and training is at https://www.imetllc.com/