The Answer Is Transaction Costs

The Answer Is Transaction Costs

Michael Munger
Negara Amerika Syarikat
Bahasa EN-US
Episod 75
Terkini 18.08.2026

This podcast explores how transaction costs explain virtually everything in economics and daily life. Host Michael Munger, a professor of political science and economics, breaks down complex ideas into accessible episodes. The show features short weekly episodes in summer and longer monthly interviews during the academic year. It also includes listener Q&A segments and occasional commentary on current events.

Episod

  • The Main Course was Transaction Costs: Milton's Dinner with Ronald 18.08.2026 25min
    Send us Fan Mail We tell the story of the Chicago dinner where Ronald Coase walks into a hostile room, and by the end everyone votes with him, led by Milton Friedman changing his mind in real time. Along the way, we unpack why transaction costs, not moral blame, often explain when law and institutions shape outcomes. • the Aaron Director dinner and the vote that flips • why Milton Friedman becomes a political symbol and lightning rod • critiques from the right and left on ...
  • Regime Uncertainty: Political Risk is Transaction Cost! 11.08.2026 24min
    Send us Fan Mail We walk through the weirdly powerful math that makes a stable $10,000 profit stream worth $50,000 in one world and $1,000,000 in another. Then we apply the same present value logic to politics and show how unpredictable rules raise transaction costs, inflate the effective discount rate, and freeze long-term investment. • the discount rate as the hidden driver of valuation • why the consol bond makes present value intuitive • P = X / R as a shortcut for long-lived assets •...
  • The Senate Is The Enemy And Other Friction Stories 04.08.2026 26min
    Send us Fan Mail We argue that “friction” is not always a flaw and can be a deliberate shield against bad collective decisions. We use Buchanan and Tullock’s public choice framework to show why supermajorities, veto points, and other transaction costs can protect rights while still leaving room for day to day governing. • contrasting cheap outrage with intentional institutional friction • explaining why constitutional amendment rules use supermajorities • breaking down exter...
  • Two Bakers Walk Into A Cartel 28.07.2026 32min
    Send us Fan Mail We test a simple bakery price-fixing pact and watch it unravel, then use that failure to explain how transaction costs shape institutions, from unenforceable contracts to the rise of the corporate trust. We connect the common law doctrine of restraint of trade to the Sherman Act, modern merger fights, and a real-world egg pricing controversy where evidence is hard to untangle from supply shocks. • a two-baker cartel that collapses as soon as cheating pays • why courts histori...
  • Contracting with Yourself: Akrasia and Transaction Costs 21.07.2026 36min
    Send us Fan Mail We start with a simple mystery: how the same person can make a proud plan at night and break it in the morning, even while still believing the plan is good. We connect akrasia, free will, and moral responsibility to transaction costs, treating self-control as a contracting problem between competing versions of ourselves. • Jordan I and Jordan II as a model of divided preferences over time • Hard determinism, libertarian free will, and compatibilism as the main phi...
  • When Mass Outrage is Cheap: TC Origins of Cancel Culture 14.07.2026 26min
    Send us Fan Mail We trace a straight line from a 1697 blasphemy execution to modern cancel culture by focusing on one variable: the cost of turning speech into coordinated punishment. We break down how social media creates common knowledge at near-zero cost, making outrage faster, bigger, and harder to control. • Thomas Aikenhead’s case as a story about information and enforcement costs • Transaction costs as the hidden limiter on persecution and social punishment • The Firs...
  • You are NOT "Sorry I'm Late"!! 07.07.2026 27min
    Send us Fan Mail We tell a story about German academic quarter hours-- akademische Viertel-- and use it to argue that lateness is an economics problem of coordination, incentives, and transaction costs, not just manners. We lay out five rules that predict who shows up late, why the pattern spreads, and how to spot it before you commit to a recurring meeting. • the “academic quarter hour” as a rule that makes lateness predictable • lateness as a transaction cost that blocks group goals •...
  • Transaction Costs Killed the Medical Stars 30.06.2026 48min
    Send us Fan Mail We try to make sense of a real problem many of us feel: paying a lot for U.S. healthcare while still waiting months to see a doctor. We trace how engineered transaction costs, from the Flexner Report to modern residency caps, restrict physician supply and protect price power while leaving clinicians overworked and patients stuck. • getting “fired” by a health system and what it reveals about access • why shortages don’t clear when prices rise, and how transaction ...
  • Parasites And Property Rights 23.06.2026 50min
    Send us Fan Mail BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE: The information in this episode comes from Red Flags Press. Their main web site is very useful for research purposes, and I recommend it! We follow the idea of the “social parasite” through socialist writing and show how it shifts from moral accusation to an enforceable legal category once society claims ownership over individual labor. We argue that the transaction costs of monitoring effort and assigning “socially useful” work push real-wor...
  • Books Don't Bet, They Match 16.06.2026 1j 4min
    Send us Fan Mail We break down how sportsbooks function as brokers that match contracts, set prices through the point spread, and earn their living through the vig. Kevin Braig joins us to explain how law, technology, and property rights shape whether sports betting markets stay clean or slide toward corruption and bad incentives. • five reasons people gamble, from dopamine to positive skewness • what a sports bet is as a contract and why a book exists as a broker • how the 11-to-10 price ...
  • Hereditary Monarchy: At Least You Know Which Idiot Is Next 09.06.2026 31min
    Send us Fan Mail Hereditary monarchy seems like a ridiculous way to pick a leader, yet it dominates most of human political history. We argue the reason is transaction costs: succession systems survive when they settle “who rules next” cheaply enough to prevent recurring civil war. • Why hereditary monarchy is historically prevalent compared with democracy and universal suffrage • Why “divine right” stories often rationalize a choice people already find tolerable • Thomas Pa...
  • Swollen Permits? Call Chile! 31.05.2026 45min
    Send us Fan Mail Permits feel like “just paperwork”, until they quietly become the biggest barrier to building, investing, and even basic economic growth. We use Chile’s fight with “permisologia” to show how bureaucracy creates delay, uncertainty, and political risk even when the stated goal is safety or environmental protection. • permits as transaction costs that quietly tax projects and entrepreneurship • why bureaucracy is not the same thing as government and why it crowds out...
  • Honor Among Thieves: Anja Shortland and Ransomware 28.04.2026 1j 6min
    Send us Fan Mail A talk with Dr Anya Shortland about the economics of ransomware and the gray-zone institutions that let extortion markets function when nobody can truly enforce trust. We dig into how cyber insurance quietly becomes a form of governance, why data leaks change the game, and what national security risks emerge as everything gets connected. • criminal markets that sit between legal firms and underworld gangs • insurance as governance through protocols, repeat play, a...
  • Are Transaction Costs Really Just Human Distance 24.03.2026 43min
    Send us Fan Mail We connect Adam Smith’s moral psychology to the modern idea of transaction costs and argue that the biggest frictions in markets start with the cost of understanding other people. We show how sympathy, propriety, self command, and reputation turn separate perspectives into workable cooperation and why justice is the real precondition for a stable commercial order. • why transaction costs always exist and why institutions matter when exchange is costly • a brief hi...
  • Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations Episode 10: Always Contemporary 24.02.2026 1j 28min
    Send us Fan Mail We assess Adam Smith’s enduring ideas—moral authorization of commerce, division of labor, emergent order—and confront where his optimism breaks: how democratic politics and business fuse to create monopoly privilege. The result is a maintenance‑intensive commercial order that needs competition defended, not assumed. • presumption for markets under secure property, justice, and competition • division of labor as the main engine of productivity and growth • invisible hand refr...
  • Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations Episode 9: Spending, Taxing, and Debt 27.01.2026 1j 28min
    Send us Fan Mail We walk through Book Five of The Wealth of Nations to map a state that defends, adjudicates, and builds wisely, then pays for it without killing growth. From militias to standing armies, fee-based courts to salaried judges, turnpikes to basic schooling, and taxes to debt, we test what holds up now. • defense as a professional, civilian-controlled standing army • justice as predictable law and salaried judges • public works funded by user fees where feasible • education to of...
  • Adam Smith Episode 8: A Nation of Shopkeepers 30.12.2025 1j 25min
    Send us Fan Mail Smith closes Book IV by dismantling mercantilism through the lens of colonial policy, monopoly, and rent seeking, then weighs physiocracy against the system of natural liberty. We trace why colonies grew despite Europe, not because of it, and how “wealth as money” broke policy and fueled war. • mercantilism’s definition of wealth and the balance of trade myth • monopoly and bounties as tools for concentrated gains • chapter 7 on colonies as a case study in institutional desi...
  • Parts is (Not) Parts: The Life Cycle Problem for Heavy Equipment 23.12.2025 1j 3min
    Send us Fan Mail We trace how Alex Schuessler, the once and once-again President of SmartEquip--also a scholar of expressive choice!--built a platform that makes machines more profitable by erasing the friction between parts, service, and uptime. The rental economy, Japan’s utilization model, and IoT diagnostics reveal why transaction costs, not price tags, decide who should own and who should rent. • rental vs sharing and why property rights matter • how serial-number specific data kills er...
  • Money Killed Barter; Can a Platform Bring It Back? 09.12.2025 48min
    Send us Fan Mail We explore why money became the default middleman and how a modern platform can make barter practical by slashing the costs of search, matching, and trust. Founder Jassim Baqer shares the story behind Tbadel, what people actually trade, and how reputation, bundling, and scale (might) make swaps work. • Adam Smith’s "double coincidence of wants" problem and transaction costs • Platforms as connection engines that lower search and matching costs • Tbadel’s origin, goals and na...
  • Adam Smith Episode 7: The Errors of Mercantilism--Bullion, Balances, and Bounties 25.11.2025 1j 15min
    Send us Fan Mail Tracing out Adam Smith’s Book IV, chapters 1–6, to show how mercantilism mistakes money for wealth, how protection creates monopolies at home, and why free exchange raises real prosperity. Smith defends two narrow exceptions—defense and tax parity—while rejecting bounties and politicized treaties that entangle trade with war. • mercantile vs physiocratic systems and their influence • wealth as goods and industry, not specie • balance of trade as a “pestilent error” • make-or...

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