Chax Chat Accessibility Podcast

Episodes

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  Accessible Letterhead Mistakes You're Probably Making 27.10.2026 25m

  Letterhead may be designed to lock in an organization's branding, but it can also lock meaningful information away from screen reader users. When logos, contact information, board listings, and hyperlinks are placed in Microsoft Word's header or footer, important content may disappear from the reading order and links can create untagged annotation errors in the exported PDF. In this episode of Chax Chat, Dax Castro and Chad Chelius explore what accessible letterhead should contain, why a flattened image is not a reliable solution, and how to decide where letterhead information belongs in the reading order. They also discuss live text, repeated links, first-page treatment, efficient heading navigation, and when bookmarks provide a better experience than trying to make a PDF behave like a website.
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  Tags Tree Tips You Should Know 13.10.2026 40m

  Automated accessibility checkers can flag errors, but they cannot always tell you whether a heading is tagged correctly, a nested list has the right structure, or several pages of content never entered the tags tree at all. In this episode of Chax Chat, Dax Castro and Chad Chelius explain what it means to "walk the tags tree" and why this manual review remains essential to accessible PDF remediation. They cover efficient keyboard navigation, Highlight Content, page-to-page reading order, misplaced figures, nested lists, role mapping, when to return to the source file, and why rotated tables require a different approach. They also discuss the judgment behind remediation: how to distinguish a genuine barrier from a technical imperfection and balance user impact, time, and budget without losing sight of accessibility.
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  What's New in Accessibility 29.09.2026 31m

  Accessibility software does not always move quickly, but several recent updates are changing how accessible documents are created, remediated, and tested. In this episode of Chax Chat, Chad and Dax break down the advances that are actually worth knowing about. They cover accessible PDF forms exported from Word, improved table headers and scope in InDesign, MathML support, PowerPoint reading-order and heading tools, Canva's accessible PDF workflow, new PAC checker tabs, browser-based auto-tagging, and the growing family of IQ tools. They also flag the places where automatic features, standards, and assistive technology still do not line up. Every other week, we unravel accessibility to help you create documents that are more inclusive, compliant, and practical for real users.  
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  Nested Tags to Watch Out For 15.09.2026 37m

  What happens when a PDF tag is technically in the right place, but a screen reader never voices it? In this episode of Chax Chat, Chad and Dax dig into nested tags and the places where the standard, accessibility checkers, and real-world assistive technology do not always agree. They explore captions nested inside figures and tables, QR codes that combine figures and links, table summaries, and multilevel lists. Along the way, they explain why the parent tag often wins, when moving a caption outside its expected structure improves the user experience, and why passing a checker is only part of the job. Every other week, we unravel accessibility to help you create documents that are more inclusive, compliant, and practical for real users.  
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  Instantly Improve InDesign Accessibility 01.09.2026 30m

  Can one InDesign plugin turn hours of PDF remediation into a few minutes of source-document work? In this episode of Chax Chat, Chad and Dax walk through MadeToTag and explain why they consider it essential for creating accessible PDFs from Adobe InDesign. They explore its seven-task workflow, including export-tag mapping, Articles panel review, alternate text management, document metadata, language settings, accessible tables, and PDF export. They also share practical shortcuts, common mistakes, and the features that can dramatically reduce the amount of cleanup required after export. Every other week, we unravel accessibility to help you create documents that are more inclusive, compliant, and practical for real users.
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  Accessible Graphic Novels 18.08.2026 32m

  How do you make a highly visual graphic novel accessible without flattening the story into a series of disconnected image descriptions? In this episode of Chax Chat, Chad and Dax explore the unique accessibility challenges created by panels, speech balloons, visual action, pacing, suspense, and complex reading order. They present a seven-step approach for preserving the experience, including understanding the story, establishing reading order, identifying visual hierarchy, determining information dependencies, describing rather than interpreting, prioritizing meaningful details, and testing the final reader experience. The result is an accessibility strategy that treats a graphic novel as a story to be experienced, not simply a collection of images requiring alternate text. Every other week, we unravel accessibility to help you create documents that are more inclusive, compliant, and practical for real users.
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  Complex Infographics: A Tactical Approach 04.08.2026 41m

  Complex infographics can be one of the most challenging accessibility problems to solve. In this episode, Chad and Dax break down a practical framework for evaluating, designing, and remediating complex visual content. From water cycle diagrams and flowcharts to data-rich visualizations, they explore how to determine the intended user experience, choose the right delivery method, and decide when alt text, live text, body copy, or alternative formats are the best solution. They also discuss common mistakes, the role of AI in creating descriptions, and why accessibility decisions should happen during the design phase—not after the document is finished. Whether you're a designer, accessibility specialist, or document creator, this episode provides actionable strategies for making complex information more understandable and accessible for everyone.
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  TOCs vs. Bookmarks: Which Serves Users Better? 21.07.2026 38m

  In this episode, Chad and Dax explore one of the most overlooked accessibility features in document design: the table of contents. They discuss why a properly built TOC often provides a better user experience than bookmarks, how screen reader users interact with document navigation, and why automated TOCs are worth the effort. We dive into common objections to using table of contents features, practical workflows for Adobe InDesign and Microsoft Word, techniques for handling custom TOC styling, and solutions for one of the most common accessibility problems: dot leaders. If you've ever wondered whether a table of contents is really necessary, or struggled to create one that meets both design and accessibility requirements, this episode is packed with practical guidance and real-world remediation strategies. Tagged PDF Best Practice Guide: Syntax
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  If You Are Not Listening, You Are Not Finished 07.07.2026 48m

  You're always surprised at how many people who are document remediation specialists have never listened to their document using assistive technology. Passing an accessibility checker does not guarantee a good user experience. In this episode, Chad and Dax break down the real-world issues that only show up when you actually test your documents with assistive technology. From acronyms and ligatures to bullets, tables, links, company names, and financial data, they explain why screen reader testing reveals problems that automated tools completely miss. If you create accessible PDFs, reports, proposals, or digital documents, this episode will change the way you think about testing. Plus, they share a downloadable handout packed with the top reasons you should be testing your documents with assistive technology.  The handout for this podcast can be found here.
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  The Hidden Cost of PDF Navigation 23.06.2026 36m

  PDF navigation menus might seem helpful, but are they actually creating barriers for assistive technology users? In this episode, Chad and Dax unpack the hidden accessibility challenges caused by page navigation in PDFs, including "Back to TOC" buttons, navigation bars, bookmarks, and linked page controls. They explain why something that feels intuitive for sighted users can become frustrating and disruptive for screen reader users, and share practical strategies for making navigation more usable without sacrificing accessibility. If you create PDFs, reports, proposals, or digital publications, this conversation will change the way you think about document navigation.
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  Understanding PDF Forms and the User Experience 09.06.2026 44m

  If you've ever struggled to understand why PDF forms are inaccessible, you need to listen to this episode! Chad and Dax dive deep into one of the most frustrating areas of document accessibility: PDF forms. From tooltip confusion and form field tagging to radio buttons, checkboxes, tables, and AEM Forms, they unpack why forms continue to create accessibility barriers for users of assistive technology. They also explore the importance of user experience over simply "passing a checker," discuss the differences between browse mode and forms mode in screen readers, and share how their new tool, Form IQ, is helping automate some of the most painful remediation tasks in Acrobat. If your organization creates forms for HR, healthcare, insurance, government, or finance, this episode is packed with practical insights you can apply immediately.
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  Accessible Canva: Progress over Perfection 26.05.2026 31m

  For years, Canva has been one of the most widely used tools and one of the most challenging when it comes to accessibility, so when we started hearing that improvements had been made, we were skeptical. Then we opened a file. In this episode, we take a first look at Canva's latest accessibility updates and walk through what's actually changed. From real-time color contrast feedback to improved tagging and built-in accessibility checks, there are some genuinely meaningful steps forward. But it's not perfect. We also dig into where things still fall short, including reading order challenges and list behavior that can impact screen reader users, because accessibility isn't about passing a checker, it's about creating an experience that actually works. This episode isn't about calling Canva out, it's about calling progress what it is. When a company listens, improves, and starts moving in the right direction, that matters, and it raises the bar for everyone else. If you've ever struggled to balance real-world tools with accessibility expectations, this is a conversation you'll want to hear.
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  When Do You Actually Need Table Cell IDs? 12.05.2026 38m

  In this episode of Chax Chat, Chad and Dax tackle one of the most complex and misunderstood topics in document accessibility: table cell IDs. While most people understand basic table structure, things quickly break down when you introduce merged cells, multiple header levels, and real-world design patterns. They walk through how tables are supposed to work, why scope alone isn't always enough, and where things start to fail for assistive technology. From explaining how screen readers interpret parent and child relationships within tables to sharing practical strategies for fixing complex structures, this episode dives deep into both the "why" and the "how." Whether you're working in Word, InDesign, or remediating directly in Acrobat, you'll gain a clearer understanding of when cell IDs are necessary and how to implement them efficiently without spending hours doing it manually.
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  Bullet Structure Revealed 28.04.2026 26m

  In this episode of Chax Chat, Chad and Dax dig into a deceptively simple topic that has a big impact on accessibility: lists. While bullets and numbers may seem like basic formatting choices, the way they are structured behind the scenes can dramatically change how assistive technology interprets and reads content. They break down the anatomy of a properly tagged list in a PDF and explain why those tags matter more than most people realize. From real-world examples of how screen readers behave when list structures are incorrect to surprising quirks like how certain bullet styles are announced, this episode highlights the gap between visual design and actual usability. Whether you're creating documents in Word, InDesign, or remediating in Acrobat, you'll walk away with practical insights to help ensure your lists aren't just formatted correctly - but truly accessible.
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  What the ADA Title II Extension Really Means 20.04.2026 29m

  Just days after we unpacked the upcoming ADA Title II deadline, everything changed. In this special episode, legal expert Judith Risch returns for her second appearance this week to walk through the Department of Justice's one-year extension, and what it signals now that the update is official. Together, we move beyond the headline to explore what's driving the change, what may come next, and what organizations should actually be paying attention to right now. With decades of experience in digital accessibility and civil rights law, Judith brings clarity to a moment that's easy to misinterpret. While the timeline has changed, the expectations haven't, and neither has the need to make meaningful progress. This episode is a reset: a chance to refocus, get aligned, and use this time intentionally.
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  The Upcoming ADA Deadline with Legal Expert Judith Risch 15.04.2026 54m

  With the ADA Title II digital accessibility deadline just days away, we're joined by legal expert Judith Risch to break down what it really means—and what you should be doing right now. Drawing on over 20 years of experience at the U.S. Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights, Judy cuts through the noise on compliance, risk, and common misconceptions. From who Title II applies to, to why accessibility impacts far more organizations than expected, this episode delivers practical, real-world insight.  Most importantly, we shift the conversation from panic to progress. You don't need perfection—but you do need a plan.
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  The Hidden Trouble with Tables 31.03.2026 41m

  In this episode of Chax Chat, Chad and Dax tackle one of the most misunderstood areas of document accessibility: tables. While they may seem simple to build, the real challenge is designing them in a way that works for assistive technology. We break down how screen readers navigate tables, why column and row headers matter, and how small design decisions can dramatically impact the user experience. From common pitfalls like overcomplicated layouts and unclear headers to practical tips you can apply immediately, this episode is packed with real-world insight. Whether you create, design, or remediate documents, you'll walk away with a clearer approach to building tables that are not just accessible, but truly usable.
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  The One Remediation Tool You Should Have... 17.03.2026 46m

  What's the best tool for making PDFs accessible? It's the question we get constantly, and the honest answer might surprise you. There isn't one. In this episode of Chax Chat, Chad and Dax break down how the "best" accessibility tool depends entirely on your starting point. Are you working in Word, InDesign, PowerPoint, Google Docs, or Canva? Do you have a tagged PDF, an untagged PDF, or a scanned document? Each scenario changes the strategy. We discuss why "born accessible" is always better than heavy remediation, when Adobe's auto-tagging can actually help, why tools like MadeToTag and Access Word continue to be game changers, and how platforms like CommonLook, PDFix, PREP, and Grackle fit into the workflow. We also talk about handling scanned PDFs, the realities of screen reader testing, and why bookmarks aren't the navigation solution many people think they are. If you've ever felt overwhelmed trying to choose the right accessibility tool, this episode will help you stop chasing a magic solution and start making smarter decisions based on context. Every other week, we unravel accessibility so you can build more inclusive, compliant, and practical documents.     Screen Readers NVDA https://www.nvaccess.org JAWS https://www.freedomscientific.com/products/software/jaws Apple Voice Over https://www.apple.com/accessibility/vision   Color Checkers TPGi Color Contrast Analyzer https://www.tpgi.com/color-contrast-checker WebAIM Color Contrast Checker https://webaim.org/resources/contrastchecker 8-Shapes Contrast Grid https://contrast-grid.eightshapes.com Microsoft Color Simulations https://www.microsoft.com/design/color Sim Daltonism https://michelf.ca/projects/sim-daltonism Daltonizer https://play.google.com/store/apps/ Adobe Illustrator https://www.adobe.com Adobe Photoshop https://www.adobe.com Color.Adobe https://color.adobe.com/   Acrobat Plugins CommonLook PDF https://commonlook.com Callas PDFgoHTML https://www.callassoftware.com   MS Word Plugins CommonLook Office https://commonlook.com axesWord https://www.axes4.com   Google Extension Grackle Docs https://www.grackledocs.com   InDesign Plugins MadeToTag https://www.axaio.com/madetotag   PDF Remidiators Adobe Acrobat Pro DC https://www.adobe.com/acrobat Adobe Bridge https://www.adobe.com axesPDF https://www.axes4.com Abby Fine Reader https://www.abbyy.com/ PDFix https://pdfix.net Responsive Table Generator Tool https://ianrmedia.unl.edu/website-resources/responsive-table-generator-tool/ Grackle PDF https://www.grackledocs.com/grackle-pdf Vengage https://venngage.com PREP (Continual Engine) https://www.continualengine.com/prep   PDF Checker PAC Checker 2026 https://pac.pdf-accessibility.org CommonLook Validator https://netcentric.allyant.com/accessibility-software/pdf-validator/   InDesign Scripts Keith Gilbert InDesign Scripts https://gilbertconsulting.com   Virtualization for Mac Parallels Desktop https://www.parallels.com Windows OS https://www.microsoft.com/windows Karabiner-Elements https://karabiner-elements.pqrs.org    
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  Microsoft's MathML Win and Adobe's AI Alt Text Experiment 03.03.2026 33m

  In this episode of ChaxChat, Dax Castro and Chad Chelius unpack two very different approaches to accessibility innovation. First, they dive into Microsoft's implementation of MathML in Word and PowerPoint and why it represents a genuine win for accessible math. By carrying MathML through to the PDF export with proper tagging and screen reader support, Microsoft demonstrates what it looks like when accessibility is built into the workflow rather than patched on later. They then turn to Adobe InDesign's new AI-generated alt text feature and explore where it helps, where it falls short, and why turning it on by default raises important concerns. The conversation highlights the difference between proven accessibility solutions and experimental AI features, emphasizing the need for human oversight, informed decision-making, and realistic expectations as tools continue to evolve.
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  Accessible Forms: PDF or Web? 17.02.2026 38m

  Accessible forms are more than a technical checklist. They require smart decisions about usability, workflow, and long-term maintenance. In this episode of Chax Chat, Dax Castro and Chad Chelius are joined by Walt Zielinski, a web developer with extensive experience building accessible form experiences. The conversation focuses on a key question: when should you use a web form versus a PDF form? Together, they explore real-world considerations like data collection, offline access, cost, maintenance, and who is responsible for supporting the form over time. They also cover common accessibility issues that frequently get overlooked, including error identification, focus order, color reliance, target size, and the correct use of checkboxes and radio buttons. This episode offers practical guidance for designers, developers, and document professionals who want forms that actually work for everyone.